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types of Fibonacci polynomials are studied. The abstract Fibonacci polynomials \\(F_n(a,b)\\) are sums of words in the alphabet consisting of the letters \\(a\\) and \\(b\\) defined by the recurrence \\[ F_n(a,b)=a F_{n-1}(a,b)+b F_{n-2}(a,b), \\] with \\(F_0(a,b)=1\\) and \\(F_1(a,b)=\\varepsilon\\); \\(\\varepsilon\\) being the empty word. \\(F_n(a,b)\\) is shown to be given by the sum of words of `length' \\(n-1\\), where the length of the letter \\(a\\) is \\(1\\) and the length of the letter \\(b\\) is \\(2\\). In other words, \\[ F_n(a,b)=\\sum_{k=0}^{\\lfloor (n-1)/2\\rfloor} C_k^{n-k-1}(a,b), \\] where \\(C_k^n(a,b)\\) is the sum of all the words with \\(k\\) letters \\(b\\) and \\(n-k\\) letters \\(a\\). For example, \\(F_5(a,b)=(a^4)+(a^2b+aba+ba^2)+(b^2)\\). The \\(q\\)-Fibonacci polynomials \\(F_n(x,s,q)\\) for real \\(x\\) and \\(s\\) and (real) indeterminate \\(q\\) are defined by the recursion \\[ F_n(x,s,q)=x F_{n-1}(x,s,q)+t(q^{n-2}s) F_{n-2}(x,s,q), \\] where \\(F_0(x,s,q)=0\\), \\(F_1(x,s,q)=1\\) and \\(t\\) is some unspecified function. The main result for the \\(q\\)-Fibonacci polynomials is the \\(q\\)-Euler-Cassini formula \\[ F_{n-1}(x,qs,q)F_{n+k}(x,s,q)- F_n(x,s,q)F_{n+k-1}(x,qs,q)=(-1)^n t(qs)\\dots t(q^{n-1}s) F_k(x,q^ns,q). \\] For \\(t(s)=s\\) this is originally due to \\textit{G. E. Andrews, A. Knopfmacher} and \\textit{P. Paule} [Adv. Appl. Math. 25, 2-11 (2000; Zbl 0972.11068)]. Next, a homomorphism \\(\\Phi\\) is constructed that connects the abstract Fibonacci polynomials and the \\(q\\)-Fibonacci polynomials. Finally some special cases of the \\(q\\)-Fibonacci polynomials are considered. Notably \\(t(s)=s/q\\), a case first studied by \\textit{L. Carlitz} [Fibonacci Q. 13, 97-102 (1975; Zbl 0298.10010)], and \\(t(s)=4qs/((1+s)(1+qs))\\). For both cases explicit expressions for the \\(q\\)-Fibonacci polynomials are found.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4483708$C3CF25C9-AC93-4FFB-8298-31FF1EB09E9C","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Q-Abel polynomials","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Q-Abel_polynomials"}}}}}