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The book contains the historical information about prerequisites for Newton: Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543), Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) and Johannes Kepler (1571-1630). The book also describes Newton's laws of motion, the concepts of absolute space and time, and Newton's analysis of Kepler's laws, which have brought to the discovery of general law of gravity. The authors formulate the Newton's second law in accelerated reference frames, and apply the Newtonian mechanics to the study of motion of planets. The authors also give a very interesting initial information about chaos in the solar system. In reviewer's opinion, it should be convenient to mention here the fictitious forces which can be defined only indirectly, via the equations of motion, following academician A. Yu. Ishlinskii, as well as Euler forces. 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