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of the recurring themes in the geometry of Banach spaces is the need for an adequate substitute for the orthogonality relationship in Hilbert space. What is ``adequate'' and what definition achieves depends on the theorem one wants an analogue for. Here the author concentrates on the decomposition of an element in Hilbert space into two orthogonal pieces: \\(x = P_M x + P_{M^{\\perp}} x\\) where \\(P_M\\) and \\(P_{M^{\\perp}}\\) are orthogonal (and also nearest point) projections onto subspaces \\(M\\) and \\(M^{\\perp}\\). Let \\(X\\) be a uniformly convex and uniformly smooth (hence reflexive) Banach space with \\(J\\) (resp. \\(J^* = J^{-1}\\)) the James map from \\(X\\) (resp. \\(X^*\\)) onto \\(X^*\\) (resp. \\(X\\)) defined by \\[ \\langle Jx,x\\rangle = \\|Jx\\|_*\\|x\\|= \\|x\\|^2 \\] (with an obvious notation). In analogy with the (real) Hilbert space equation: \\(\\|x-y\\|^2 = \\|x\\|^2 -2(x,y) +\\|y\\|^2\\) define \\(W(x,y):= \\|x\\|^2 -2\\langle Jx,y\\rangle +\\|y\\|^2\\). Now, for a closed, bounded set \\(\\Omega\\) in \\(X\\) construct two (non-linear) operators: (i) the nearest point projection \\(P_{\\Omega}\\), i.e. \\(\\|x - P_{\\Omega} x\\|= \\inf_{y \\in \\Omega}\\|x - y\\|\\); and (ii) the generalized projection operator \\(\\Pi_{\\Omega}\\) defined by \\(W(x,\\Pi_{\\Omega} x) = \\inf_{y \\in \\Omega} W(x,y).\\) With these definitions the author is able to prove the following theorems: (A) If \\(K\\) is a closed, convex cone with vertex at \\(0\\) and \\(K^{\\circ}:= \\{\\phi \\in X^* : \\langle \\phi, x \\rangle \\leq 0, \\forall x \\in K\\}\\) then \\(x = P_K x + J^* \\Pi_{K^{\\circ}}J x, \\phi = P_{K^{\\circ}} \\phi + J\\Pi_KJ^*\\phi,\\) and \\(\\langle\\Pi_{K^{\\circ}}Jx, P_Kx\\rangle = 0 = \\langle\\Pi_KJ^*\\phi, P_{K^{\\circ}}\\phi\\rangle,\\) for all \\(x \\in X\\) and \\(\\phi \\in X^*\\). (B) If \\(M\\) is a closed subspace and \\(M^{\\perp} \\subseteq X^*\\) is its annihilator then \\(x = P_M x + J^*\\Pi_{M^{\\perp}}Jx\\) and \\(\\langle\\Pi_{M^{\\perp}}Jx, v\\rangle = 0\\quad \\forall x\\in X, v\\in M\\). Moreover, this decomposition is unique. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0943.00054].","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4511056$FAA018E8-BCEA-4F2E-B5E4-57787A54F4D8","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:4511056","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:4511056"}}}}}