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aim of this paper is to give some results of boundary and internal observability and controllability for Maxwell's equations \\[ D'- \\text{curl}(\\mu B)= 0\\quad\\text{in }\\Omega\\times (0,+\\infty),\\tag{1} \\] \\[ B'+ \\text{curl}(\\lambda D)= 0\\quad\\text{in }\\Omega\\times (0,+\\infty),\\tag{2} \\] \\[ \\text{div }D= \\text{div }B= 0\\quad\\text{in }\\Omega\\times (0,+\\infty),\\tag{3} \\] \\[ D(0)= D^0\\quad\\text{and}\\quad B(0)= B^0\\quad\\text{in }\\Omega,\\tag{4} \\] \\[ \\nu\\times D= 0\\quad\\text{and}\\quad \\nu\\times B=0\\quad\\text{on }\\Gamma\\times (0,+\\infty),\\tag{5} \\] where \\(\\Omega\\) is an open bounded domain in \\(\\mathbb{R}^3\\) having boundary \\(\\Gamma\\) of class \\(C^1\\), \\(D\\) and \\(B\\) are three-dimensional vector-valued functions of \\(t\\), \\(x= (x_1,x_2,x_3)\\), \\(\\mu= \\mu(x)\\) and \\(\\lambda= \\lambda(x)\\) are scalar functions in \\(C^1(\\overline\\Omega)\\) bounded below by a positive constant, \\(D^0\\) and \\(B^0\\) are the initial data in a suitable space and \\(\\nu\\) denotes the outward unit normal vector to \\(\\Gamma\\). The energy of the solution is defined by \\[ {\\mathcal E}= {\\mathcal E}(t):= {1\\over 2} \\int_\\Omega(\\lambda|D(t)|^2+ \\mu|B(t)|^2) dx. \\] First, the author studies the boundary observability and controllability of (1)--(4) under the assumption that \\(\\Omega\\) is star-shaped with respect to the origin, i.e., \\[ x\\cdot\\nu(x)\\geq 0\\quad\\text{for all }x\\in\\Gamma. \\] Thus, if \\(\\lambda(x)\\), \\(\\mu(x)> 0\\), \\(\\forall x\\in\\Omega\\); \\(L= \\inf_\\Omega \\sqrt{\\lambda(x)\\mu(x)}> 0\\); \\(\\mu- m\\nabla\\mu\\geq c_0\\mu\\), \\(\\forall x\\in \\Omega\\); \\(\\lambda- m\\nabla\\lambda\\geq c_0\\lambda\\), \\(\\forall x\\in\\Omega\\), then for every time \\(T> T_0\\) and for every pair \\((D^0,B^0)\\in{\\mathcal H}_1\\) the solution of (1)--(5) satisfies the inequality \\[ \\int^t_0 \\int_\\Gamma|B|^2 d\\Gamma dt\\geq c{\\mathcal E}, \\] where \\({\\mathcal H}_1\\) is a certain Hilbert space; \\(m(x)\\equiv x\\), \\(x\\in \\Omega\\); \\(R= \\sup_{x\\in\\Omega}|x|\\); \\(T_0= {2R\\over L_0}\\) and \\(c\\) is a positive constant independent of the initial data. This observability inequality is obtained by using the multiplier technique. Concerning the boundary controllability it is shown that for every time \\(T> T_0\\) and for every pair \\((B^0,-D^0)\\in{\\mathcal F}'\\) there exists a function \\(J\\in L^2(0, T; L^2(\\Gamma)^3)\\) such that \\(J,\\nu= 0\\) a.e. on \\(\\Gamma\\times (0,T)\\) and the solution of (1)--(4) with \\(\\nu\\times B=J\\) on \\(\\Gamma\\times (0,+\\infty)\\) satisfies \\(D(T)= 0\\) and \\(B(T)= 0\\) in \\(\\Omega\\), where \\({\\mathcal F}_1\\) is the completion of \\({\\mathcal H}_1\\) and \\({\\mathcal F}'\\) is its dual space.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4514526$8EED1350-2AB8-4D3A-8398-C3F59F7F9429","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:4514526","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:4514526"}}}}}