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is an expository paper concerning a bound \\(|S_N|\\) for sums of Vinogradov's type \\[ S_N=\\sum _{p\\leq N}\\chi (f(p)), \\] where \\(\\chi \\) is a non-principal Dirichlet character modulo \\(q\\), the power of a prime, \\(f(x)\\) is a monic polynomial of positive degree and \\(p\\) runs over primes. The author lists known results in chronological order, starting with \\textit{A. I. Vinogradov}'s basic bound [Rec. Math. Moscow, Nouv. S\u00e9r. (Mat. Sb.) 3, 311-319 (1938; Zbl 0019.15401)] \\[ |S_N|\\leq \\pi (N)q^{-\\delta } \\] for \\(f(x)=x+a\\), \\(a\\not \\equiv 0\\pmod q\\), \\(N\\geq q^{1+\\varepsilon }\\), and \\(q\\geq q_1(\\varepsilon)>0\\). Here \\(\\delta =\\delta (\\varepsilon)>0\\) and \\(\\pi (N)\\) is the number of primes \\(\\leq N\\). Then he gives Vinogradov's improvement [Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 16, 197-210 (1952; Zbl 0049.03204)] of \\(N\\geq q^{1+\\varepsilon }\\) to \\(N\\geq q^{0.75+\\varepsilon }\\), his own improvement [Math. USSR, Izv. 4, 19-29, 303-326 (1970); translation from Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 34, 20-30, 299-321 (1970; Zbl 0246.10020, Zbl 0246.10021)] to \\(N\\geq q^{0.5+\\varepsilon }\\) and its bound [Sov. Math., Dokl. 19, 61-63 (1978); translation from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 238, 524-526 (1978; Zbl 0392.10037)] of \\(|S_N|\\) for \\(f(x)=(x+a)(x+b)\\), \\(a\\not \\equiv b\\pmod q\\), \\(N\\geq q^{0.75+\\varepsilon }\\). Starting in 1968, in a series of papers, the author studied the double sum \\[ W=\\sum _{x\\in X}\\sum _{y\\in Y}\\chi (x+y), \\] where \\(X\\) and \\(Y\\) are arbitrary sets of positive integers less than \\(q\\) and obtained \\[ |W|\\leq |X||Y|q^{-\\delta }, \\] where \\(|X|\\) and \\(|Y|\\) are the numbers of terms in \\(X\\) and \\(Y\\), respectively, \\(|X|\\geq q^{0.5+\\varepsilon }\\), \\(|Y|\\geq q^{\\varepsilon }\\) and \\(\\varepsilon >0\\) (for the recent author's result [cf. Sov. Math., Dokl. 44, 145-148 (1992); translation from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 319, 543-545 (1992; Zbl 0772.11028)]). The author also mentions his new result that \\[ |S_N|\\leq \\pi (N)q^{-0.01\\varepsilon } \\] for \\(f(x)=(x+a)^{\\alpha }(x+b)^{\\beta }\\), \\(a\\not \\equiv b\\pmod q\\) which gives an asymptotic formula for the number of primes \\(p\\leq N\\) for which both \\((p+a)^\\alpha \\) and \\((p+b)^\\beta \\) are primitive roots \\(\\operatorname {mod} q\\). Finally, the author adds related open problems.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4550437$AC0BB1C3-E8BF-4C3E-B9AF-45F8C05F1673","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:4550437","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:4550437"}}}}}