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\\(T^*N\\) be the cotangent bundle of an \\(n\\)-dimensional closed oriented manifold \\(N\\) with the natural symplectic structure and \\({\\mathcal G}\\) the Hamiltonian group with compact support on \\(T^*N\\). In this paper two families of functions \\(\\mu_a:{\\mathcal G}\\to\\mathbb{R}\\) and \\(\\zeta_a: C^\\infty_c(T^*N)\\to \\mathbb{R}\\), \\(a\\in H^1(N;\\mathbb{R})\\), which possesses properties analogous to those of partial quasimorphisms and partial quasistates of \\textit{M. Entov} and \\textit{L. Polterovich} [Comment. Math. Helv. 81, No. 1, 75--99 (2006; Zbl 1096.53052)] are constructed (Theorems 1.3 and 1.8). It is shown that if \\(N=\\mathbb{T}^n\\), then the family \\(\\mu_a\\) is equivalent to Viterbo's symplectic homogenization (Theorem 1.1. in [\\textit{C. Viterbo}, ``Symplectic homogenization'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv: 0801.0206}]).NEWLINENEWLINE Let \\(\\phi^t_H\\) be the time-\\(t\\) map of the flow of \\(H\\) and \\(\\phi_H\\) the time-\\(1\\) map, then \\(\\zeta_a\\) is defined as NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\zeta_a(H)= \\mu_a(\\phi_H).NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Using Lagrangian spectral invariants \\(\\ell_{\\pm}(\\phi)\\) for Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms via Lagrangian Floer homology [\\textit{Y.-G. Oh}, J. Differ. Geom. 46, No. 3, 499--577 (1997; Zbl 0926.53031); Commun. Anal. Geom. 7, No. 1, 1--55 (1999; Zbl 0966.53055)], \\(\\mu_a\\) is defined as NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\mu_0(\\phi)= \\lim_{k\\to\\infty} {\\ell_+(\\phi^k)\\over k},\\quad \\mu_a(\\phi)= \\mu_0(T_\\alpha \\phi T_\\alpha),NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where \\(\\alpha\\in a\\) and \\(T_\\alpha: T^* N\\to T^* N\\) is defined as \\(T_\\alpha(q, p)= (q,p+ \\alpha(q))\\) (\\S3.1). By definition, restriction of \\(\\mu_a\\) to \\({\\mathcal G}_0\\), the subgroup of \\({\\mathcal G}\\) fixing the zero section \\(N\\) of \\(T^*N\\) as a set, coincides with the action homomorphism \\({\\mathcal A}:{\\mathcal A}(\\phi)={\\mathcal A}_H(\\gamma_q, \\gamma_q(t))= \\phi^t_H(q)\\), where NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE{\\mathcal A}_H(\\gamma)= \\int^1_0 H_t(\\gamma(t))\\,dt- \\int\\gamma^*\\lambdaNEWLINE\\]NEWLINE is the action functional on the space of paths \\(\\Omega= \\{\\gamma: [0,1]\\to T^* N\\mid\\gamma(0)\\in N\\}\\).NEWLINENEWLINE Lagrangian and Hamiltonian spectral invariants for Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms are reviewed in \\S2. Then coincidence of the spectral invariants of \\(H\\) and \\(H'\\) when \\(\\phi_H= \\phi_{H'}\\) (Lemma 2.7) and the inequalities NEWLINE\\[NEWLINEc_-(\\phi)\\leq\\ell_-(\\phi)\\leq \\ell_+(\\phi)\\leq c_+(\\phi),NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where \\(c_{\\pm}(\\phi)\\) means Hamiltonian spectral invariants (Proposition 2.17) are proved. Existence of \\(\\mu_a(\\phi)\\) follows from these results (\\S3.1).NEWLINENEWLINE \\(\\mu_a\\) is invariant under conjugation by elements of \\({\\mathcal G}\\) and Lipschitz with respect to the Hofer metric. The function \\(H^1(N; \\mathbb{R})\\to\\mathbb{R}\\) defined by \\(a\\to\\mu_a(\\phi)\\) for a fixed \\(\\phi\\) is also Lipschitz. These are proved in \\S3.1 together with several other statements.NEWLINENEWLINE \\(\\zeta_a\\) is also invariant under the \\({\\mathcal G}\\)-action and \\(\\zeta_a(F+ G)=\\zeta_a(F)\\) if \\(F\\), \\(G\\) commute and the support \\(S\\) of \\(G\\) is displaceable, that is there is \\(\\phi\\in{\\mathcal G}\\) such that \\(\\overline S\\cap\\phi(S)=\\emptyset\\). As a consequence, if \\(N= N_1\\times N_2\\), \\(F_i\\in C^\\infty(T^*N)\\), and \\(a= (a_1, a_2)\\in H^1(N_1; \\mathbb{R})\\times H^2(N_2;\\mathbb{R})\\subset H^1(N;\\mathbb{R})\\), then NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\zeta_a(F_1\\oplus F_2)_a= \\zeta_{a_1}(F_1)+ \\zeta_{a_2}(F_2),NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE (Proposition 1.9). These are also proved in \\S3.1.NEWLINENEWLINE \\(\\mu_0(\\phi)\\) gives lower bounds of the fragmentation norm; see Corollary 1.10 in [\\textit{A. Banyaga}, Comment. Math. Helv. 53, 174--227 (1978; Zbl 0393.58007)]. If \\(H\\) is a time-periodic Tonnelli Hamiltonian, then NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\alpha_H(a)= \\mu_a(\\phi_H),NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where \\(\\alpha_H\\) is Mather's alpha function; see Theorem 1.11 in [\\textit{J. N. Mather}, Math. Z. 207, No. 2, 169--207 (1991; Zbl 0696.58027)]. The spectral norm \\(\\Gamma(\\psi)\\) is defined as \\(c_+(\\psi)- c_-(\\psi)\\) and the displacement energy of a displacement subset by NEWLINE\\[NEWLINEe(S)= \\text{inf}\\{\\Gamma(\\psi)\\mid\\psi(S) \\cap(\\overline S)= \\emptyset\\}.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Then, if the support of \\(G\\) is displaceable, \\(\\zeta_a\\) satisfies NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE|\\zeta_a(F+ G)- \\zeta_a(F)- \\zeta_a(G)|\\leq \\sqrt{2e(U)\\|\\{F, G\\}\\|_{C^0}}.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE From this inequality, a lower bound for the norm of the Poisson bracket is derived. These results together with other applications of \\(\\mu_a\\) and \\(\\zeta_a\\), are proved in \\S3, the last section.NEWLINENEWLINE In the appendix, generating functions for Tonelli flows are studied. The results are used in the proof of Theorem 1.11 (given in \\S3.3).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q456683$A9F5F780-D63D-4AFA-A65D-291353229500","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q456683$9FE87A38-7A59-4901-8662-97F8AF5DA8BF","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:456683","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:456683"}}}}}