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After giving some preliminaries and definitions in Section 2, the main results are presented in Section 3. In particular, two characterizations of \\(\\alpha\\)-proper efficiency are given: one in terms of the existence of an exact penalty function (Theorem 3.1), and one in terms of the stability of the associated parametric problem (Theorem 3.2). Moreover, a set of verifiable conditions for an efficient solution to be \\(\\alpha\\)-properly efficient in polynomial multi-objective optimization is given (Theorem 3.3). Finally, some examples are presented to illustrate the results obtained. 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