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Clapp} and \\textit{D. Puppe} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 298, 603--620 (1986; Zbl 0618.55003)]. Namely, given a nonempty class of spaces \\(\\mathcal{A},\\) a subset \\(W\\) of a space \\(X\\) is said to be \\(\\mathcal{A}\\)-contractible (in \\(X\\)) whenever the inclusion \\(W\\subseteq X\\) factorizes, up to homotopy, through some space \\(K\\in \\mathcal{A}.\\) Then the \\(\\mathcal{A}\\)-category of \\(X,\\) \\(\\text{cat}_{\\mathcal{A}}(X),\\) is the minimal number of open \\(\\mathcal{A}\\)-categorical subsets that are needed to cover \\(X\\) (or infinity if such a cover does not exist). As Clapp and Puppe showed, when \\(M\\) is a smooth manifold, \\(\\text{cat}_{\\mathcal{A}}(M)\\) gives information about the topology of the critical sets of \\(M.\\) A particular case of Clapp-Puppe's notion is when \\(\\mathcal{A}=\\{K\\}\\) consists of a unique space \\(K.\\) In this case \\(\\text{cat}_{\\mathcal{A}}(X)\\) is simply denoted as \\(\\text{cat}_K(X)\\).  The paper under review is basically a survey of the research on the relationship between \\(\\text{cat}_K(M)\\) for certain cases of the space \\(K\\) (such as the circle, the 2-sphere, the projective plane, a wedge of circles, a wedge of 2-spheres or a wedge of projective planes) and the geometric topology of the manifold \\(M\\), particularly focused on the 3-dimensional case. The authors also consider a certain generalization of \\(\\text{cat}_K(-)\\) as follows: Consider \\(\\mathcal{G}\\) a nonempty class of groups and let \\(M\\) be a manifold. A subset \\(W\\) of \\(M\\) is said to be \\(\\mathcal{G}\\)-contractible if for every base point \\(*\\in W\\) the image of \\(\\pi _1(W,*)\\) in \\(\\pi _1(M,*)\\) belongs to the class \\(\\mathcal{G}.\\) Then, \\(\\text{cat}_{\\mathcal{G}}(M)\\) is the smallest number of open \\(\\mathcal{G}\\)-contractible subsets of \\(M\\) that cover \\(M\\) (or infinity when such a cover does not exist). Similarly as done for \\(\\text{cat}_K(-),\\) the authors analyze \\(\\text{cat}_{\\mathcal{G}}(M^3)\\) for compact 3-manifolds for certain choices of \\(\\mathcal{G}\\) (among them we can mention the class of amenable groups or the class of solvable groups, for instance). Other similar studies about geometry \\(\\mathcal{K}\\)-category or fillings are also 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