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Two particularly important approaches are Martin-L\u00f6f randomness and incompressibility. Roughly, being Martin-L\u00f6f random means not being contained in a set of measure \\(0\\) that can be effectively approximated, while incompressibility means that the lengths of the shortest programs for computing initial segments do not grow smaller than the lengths of the initial segments themselves. Martin-L\u00f6f (ML) randomness can be relativized by allowing approximations relative to an oracle, and chosing this oracle to be the Turing jump \\(0^{\\prime}\\), one obtains \\(2\\)-randomness. Incompressibility, on the other hand, comes in two versions, depending on the complexity measure used. If \\(s\\) is a (finite) binary string, then \\(K(s)\\) denotes the prefix-free complexity of \\(s\\), while \\(C(s)\\) denotes the plain complexity of \\(s\\). Finally, the `randomness deficiency' \\(d(x)\\) of a real number \\(x\\) intuitively is a measure for how far \\(x\\) is from being random. 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