{"entities":{"Q4963003":{"pageid":6992584,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q4963003","lastrevid":53267528,"modified":"2026-01-24T14:33:10Z","type":"item","id":"Q4963003","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Rules with discretion and local information"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6973524"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$44955C4D-1214-41C0-9CC1-4302AFCA3840","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"03c8990e0f0738c9cf3b8cc2a60abe5d0b26d4bc","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Rules with Discretion and Local Information*","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$1498D026-AE9D-41F5-8F50-93432E90027C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a6fd1355253f0eac82550a85abe0364269448fc3","datavalue":{"value":"1400.91162","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$ECA33EA7-B477-4AEF-A1C0-AC2BF8EB2301","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"1adcf1210017f5e8ada7bc018e7866941c05efd3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2276542,"id":"Q2276542"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$2C58263F-E09A-44DC-A7E2-29750284BD9F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"23c75046b01bf72d81e102e26e86272d56099a55","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1112742,"id":"Q1112742"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$85EAE69C-39E1-461D-A5EB-504CE9CEF7E0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5c66aa84c571ea17c0a2043db32b97172181d775","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":402058,"id":"Q402058"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$51738DC4-56E7-4945-BB2B-4A658E23495C","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"88e3e75a472c7d25e0dfb4b1fbdc346ed5a6df9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":99127,"id":"Q99127"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$80766055-F4C3-468D-AE7B-DD2B5F110B6C","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"c7f9ec5f57fe5a70ebcd816971bee5bc3157d605","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2018-11-06T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$F02E2FB9-1C91-4173-9905-BA84A082D687","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"824cfdf2b129d72f7287008060b5bf497f3b4f34","datavalue":{"value":"91B14","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$07E07324-3720-4615-BF56-8FD22866F1DC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"19b158aaeb81f7f43463dbd7cd08d370f115bf7c","datavalue":{"value":"91A28","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$585E89E4-C713-4D4A-A3EE-D279AB35A2AA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"cb1f6c2f788a856fc95af5d0e8e41fed58501175","datavalue":{"value":"91A20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$F0FEE553-578F-44B1-A092-067D8F074367","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"4664ae9510b6d5fec1641614c81e688d90963a09","datavalue":{"value":"6973524","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$E38E19DF-3007-4AA9-9ED3-C0E0704D1F89","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"20e03a665ef6ef7f7791705639a6ac7ac693eb84","datavalue":{"value":"rules-versus-discretion dilemma","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$72853DC9-57E3-4622-A33D-3F0B65BA60D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1d52b13aeef920ce0082fa4d15faa76f8e7f1ae4","datavalue":{"value":"community enforcement","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$0DEDB71C-371C-4FD9-8E39-11547A215FAB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b22b8f5949bfeb39f3cc5968462ee2578e2cdb91","datavalue":{"value":"information sharing","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$0E436991-C858-4322-8117-1363186C054C","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$BE9E22F6-50F3-457E-ABAB-A8198C42E33B","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"e30f05b9982f4753bcad0beacb25af223d454669","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjt013","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$0EB9926F-0773-4791-98D0-E84C450FFE43","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"e43e8570c0ab8858fcd6dcf064e6818271907f49","datavalue":{"value":"W2129191715","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$625EA6D5-14BB-4301-92DA-978E7342D912","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"0ec30fb6d12180426ddfe30e7254386f181ee463","datavalue":{"value":"10.1093/QJE/QJT013","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4963003$D2CF78BE-B1B6-49D4-A631-708AB04B5365","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"50d6939df19086884bb48ad845f8a3a381e4dee0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3988997,"id":"Q3988997"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d305b2dc0e8657f10ecda5438fdffb143e53cf24","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.691383957862854","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4963003$AAA4ABFD-BF32-4480-B310-F2BE4DC1681C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"82c694a9d21428879e707e60d3e2519a5ffdd8bc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5013993,"id":"Q5013993"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"96b4fe2165a118e77de5f079da651d659f2a6bb6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6870776414871216","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4963003$0AA042F7-2FAE-43AA-B388-681CDC0A0B12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cc46b42238ad8897f4d4c78bd1f3e728d5d3e848","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2288532,"id":"Q2288532"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"89bfc2ec31af6a012c9d66dc25020c178805c786","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6816262602806091","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4963003$ABC8D2D7-D75E-40FC-BA6E-89E34DE6565C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4a3de756b2ccf24e96139cf587de2797046f5e87","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3471808,"id":"Q3471808"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9b2a5690fe4adf8db1ac452c71ba7d13253895e1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6689243912696838","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4963003$CC2C7402-BF41-46F8-AD0B-9B5E7B38602D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e71d245506b4dfbc59e5ae59f7f4bb3414a030eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":848605,"id":"Q848605"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9a74635005bbf099c366fc2c803f4c8f08b2b88a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6590605974197388","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4963003$86D73D36-EFC5-477C-9A67-A32C2717C28E","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:4963003","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:4963003"}}}}}