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Note that \\(Z(t)\\) is real-valued and the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta-function correspond to the zeros of Hardy's function, provided the Riemann Hypothesis holds true. Let \\(2\\leq H\\leq T\\) and set  \\[  I_{+}(T,H)=\\left\\{T<t\\leq T+H : Z(t)>0\\right\\}  \\]  and  \\[  I_{-}(T,H)=\\left\\{T<t\\leq T+H : Z(t)>0\\right\\}.  \\]  Numerical computations suggest that the Lebesgue measures of the above quantities are both close to \\(H/2\\) even if \\(H\\) is quite small compared to \\(T\\). So there should be no bias of \\(Z(t)\\) towards positive or negative values. The authors prove that  \\[  \\mu(I_{+}(T,H))\\gg T \\quad \\text{and} \\quad \\mu(I_{-}(T,H))\\gg T,  \\]  which gives support towards the above conjecture. To this end, they establish a lower bound for the integral  \\[  \\int_T^{2T} |Z(t)|\\left|B_X\\left(\\tfrac{1}{2}+it\\right)\\right|^2\\mathrm{d}t  \\]  and upper bounds for the integrals  \\[  \\int_T^{2T} Z(t)\\left|B_X\\left(\\tfrac{1}{2}+it\\right)\\right|^2\\mathrm{d}t  \\]  and  \\[  \\int_T^{2T} Z(t)^2\\left|B_X\\left(\\tfrac{1}{2}+it\\right)\\right|^4\\mathrm{d}t,  \\]  where \\(\\left|B_X\\left(\\tfrac{1}{2}+it\\right)\\right|^2\\) is a mollifier depending on a positive parameter \\(X\\) which was used already by Hardy in his famous proof that a positive proportions of the zeta zeros are on the critical 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