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For a smooth projective complex variety \\(X\\) of dimension \\(d\\), the Hilbert scheme \\(X^{[n]}\\) parametrizes length-\\(n\\) \\(0\\)-dimensional closed subschemes of \\(X\\). A vector bundle on \\(X\\) induces a tautological bundle \\(E^{[n]}\\) on \\(X^{[n]}\\). Roughly speaking, a geometric subset of \\(X^{[n]}\\) is a constructible subset \\(P\\) such that if \\(Z, Z' \\in X^{[n]}\\) satisfying \\(Z \\cong Z'\\) as \\(\\mathbb C\\)-schemes, then either \\(Z, Z' \\in P\\) or \\(Z, Z' \\not \\in P\\).  The main theorem of the paper states that the integral over \\(X^{[n]}\\) involving the Chern classes of \\(E^{[n]}\\) and the fundamental class (respectively, the Chern-Mather class, the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class) of a geometric subset \\(P\\) can be written as a universal polynomial, depending on the type of \\(P\\), in the Chern numbers involving \\(E\\) and the tangent bundle \\(T_X\\) of \\(X\\). When \\(X^{[n]}\\) is smooth, the integral is also allowed to contain the Chern classes of \\(T_{X^{[n]}}\\).  The main idea in proving this theorem is to use Jun Li's concept of Hilbert scheme \\(X^{[[\\alpha]]}\\) of \\(\\alpha\\)-points [\\textit{J. Li}, Geom. Topol. 10, 2117--2171 (2006; Zbl 1140.14012)]. The main theorem generalizes many known results when \\(X\\) is a surface.  As an application, the author obtains a generalized G\u00f6ttsche's conjecture for all isolated singularity types and in all dimensions. More precisely, if \\(L\\) is a sufficiently ample line bundle on a smooth projective variety \\(X\\), then in a general subsystem \\(\\mathbb P^m \\subset |L|\\) of appropriate dimension \\(m\\), the number of hypersurfaces with given isolated singularity types is a polynomial in the Chern numbers involving \\(T_X\\) and \\(L\\). Another application is to obtain similar results, when \\(X\\) is a surface, for the locus of curves with fixed ``BPS spectrum'' in the sense of stable pairs theory.  Section~2 is devoted to the preliminaries such as the definition of the tautological bundle \\(E^{[n]}\\) on the Hilbert scheme \\(X^{[n]}\\), the construction of the Chern-Mather and Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes, the Hilbert scheme \\(X^{[[\\alpha]]}\\) of \\(\\alpha\\)-points, and the definition of geometric subsets in \\(X^{[n]}\\) and \\(X^{[[\\alpha]]}\\). Section~3 contains an outline of the proof of the main theorem, while the formal proof of the main theorem is presented in Section~4. In Section~5, the author verifies a technical lemma which is used in Section~4. Section~6 deals with the generating series of the above-mentioned integrals over all the Hilbert schemes \\(X^{[n]}\\), \\(n \\geq 0\\). In Section~7, The precise definition of sufficiently ample is given, and the main theorem is applied to the problem of counting geometric objects with prescribed 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