{"entities":{"Q519793":{"pageid":521560,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q519793","lastrevid":62454804,"modified":"2026-04-11T06:12:24Z","type":"item","id":"Q519793","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Generalized information equilibrium approaches to EEG sleep stage discrimination"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6702379"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$96369CB2-E266-46DB-A5AC-3B611F453EEB","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"797044c8e1873c061e7b77e38103cdf63255e197","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Generalized information equilibrium approaches to EEG sleep stage discrimination","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$4B83B372-F126-46D5-A44A-89794A8CA660","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"fb1f3486e702ccdf11289a7a41c702ba4326d323","datavalue":{"value":"1359.92074","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$BB60E998-EE98-4D8A-8CA0-6F4AA7FAB4FE","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"ac9df2fff9f45846e5b8d0e7105240b16d406277","datavalue":{"value":"10.1155/2016/6450126","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$FD125B0F-80C4-443E-85AA-D6EF38B42603","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"6d158ed4fc25393786b3aae5df4bf61471595608","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":519791,"id":"Q519791"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$D5D393F7-627C-47E7-9805-F42142EFCF9A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"66e434c38d5b2114b925723d4cd80662cb689546","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":519792,"id":"Q519792"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$BA0F81E1-6E21-423C-880E-2F92828BEC02","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"ae2a137607979ebaa11579b7aa87d8ebbaf2710b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":278087,"id":"Q278087"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$6CEC6C2F-6ADB-410E-AFC7-1B117EC19037","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"920a562804d980efa3cfabaff11b8ecc08af0b00","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2017-04-07T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$0759A5EB-259A-4E3F-A221-0E9E44F7961E","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"9f34c02aace2605022a4fb1416aa23764c453255","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: Recent advances in neuroscience have raised the hypothesis that the underlying pattern of neuronal activation which results in electroencephalography (EEG) signals is via power-law distributed neuronal avalanches, while EEG signals are nonstationary. Therefore, spectral analysis of EEG may miss many properties inherent in such signals. A complete understanding of such dynamical systems requires knowledge of the underlying nonequilibrium thermodynamics. In recent work by \\textit{P. Fielitz} and \\textit{G. Borchardt} [``A generalized concept of information transfer'', Phys. Essays 24, No. 3, 350--363 (2011; \\url{doi:10.4006/1.3601352}); ``A general concept of natural information equilibrium: from the ideal gas law to the K-Trumpler effect'', Preprint, \\url{arXiv:0905.0610}], the concept of information equilibrium (IE) in information transfer processes has successfully characterized many different systems far from thermodynamic equilibrium. We utilized a publicly available database of polysomnogram EEG data from fourteen subjects with eight different one-minute tracings of sleep stage 2 and waking and an overlapping set of eleven subjects with eight different one-minute tracings of sleep stage 3. We applied principles of IE to model EEG as a system that transfers (equilibrates) information from the time domain to scalp-recorded voltages. We find that waking consciousness is readily distinguished from sleep stages 2 and 3 by several differences in mean information transfer constants. Principles of IE applied to EEG may therefore prove to be useful in the study of changes in brain function more generally.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$6EB4E05F-7BEC-478A-80F5-C12C5810EE0B","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e402ef99c8e0f5ecec9caa212271be1d3e4c4885","datavalue":{"value":"92C55","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$48224086-3AA2-4F4C-B38C-48F835B40AB7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"462524ad3912c0b13b166f84974592478dc5778b","datavalue":{"value":"92C30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$0DABDCF9-97B3-4C69-98AA-40F594950653","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"0b54905779896dfa3439fcd21f5e19503b403624","datavalue":{"value":"6702379","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$4B424405-79CE-4AC8-8616-FC59058844E6","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f8ac514e62b0d19bb53f6576c19cdab1ebbcd0f3","datavalue":{"value":"electroencephalography signals","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$1E0431D1-E493-4037-A52B-1101E508A679","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bac5e5c0333bfe34d337deea77a807c9aa437016","datavalue":{"value":"neuronal activation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$E114B6AA-4399-4330-93C0-68EDF74C8D76","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d1399f2028cbb996d45266fdc660b4fbd4052640","datavalue":{"value":"information equilibrium","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$997317CD-0947-4E1D-BE39-4D9D062042BC","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"1b1bf4d14aa47fcc25269140846d434dc43b96e4","datavalue":{"value":"Q39496611","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$5FDC0152-3149-4600-8448-236ADBEE36A0","rank":"normal"}],"P1463":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1463","hash":"ac697b64ece4160a08f2e25649637a0f2335ea80","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":16655,"id":"Q16655"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$CB39CD27-539E-4445-9116-8C3A09DD0174","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1463","hash":"d2e601eb61bb164f7f42a87736e489878f31d56a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":25897,"id":"Q25897"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$840AF898-38F5-4F25-8C3B-76C053B5A7FC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1463","hash":"b2f45492d0a9ee38c7f6f7ea29a7881599069d9b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":13519,"id":"Q13519"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$67EAE827-9616-4362-A5A0-F161BF08EACB","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$F817381B-7264-468A-B34C-3CA9E241B96B","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"657f11b7261473e3a607bf42f273f4ebddd3009a","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6450126","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$6CE5230A-DF57-43AA-893D-0327A8623631","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"8c86cfb9d0552abb4df2cd967534270630e5cf93","datavalue":{"value":"W2494151957","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$1D7B810E-ECBC-44A6-ACB1-ED6643125811","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"78f0cf2b8270f6087b7bc3862da42dbac9e1bf1f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":88168,"id":"Q88168"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$DF16B6CC-AD72-411B-A65B-53716266D3E2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2077fa3461c4f9a613462f2e3ce12dcec5f51119","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3511029,"id":"Q3511029"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$EA45B5D3-B308-40BB-AFB9-4BF73FD2247A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4c5af2cfbdac4a9580761cb0d43a85e0b288d53b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3592129,"id":"Q3592129"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$37D4A36B-D3B0-498F-9B94-BD0C7F9C4BA6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e72adfa48bdca7968f10f350e4f1646b606a0797","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5134626,"id":"Q5134626"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$FEB5AB36-D364-4700-9D68-A1704618D3C9","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"31bee61f9911f9646d260559ecb74c647d5705ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3762116,"id":"Q3762116"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"579f7f9da7bbd5c6602f22a3ee42539a450956b3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6661944389343262","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q519793$81E85668-ED67-453E-9492-DFE288B4E3F4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9d85747db6d98ed9e61ef60ba224e3df1594f2c9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":699136,"id":"Q699136"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f4e79493af67475226999cff070d968fa8c726ee","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6627204418182373","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q519793$16D2FA47-A9DE-4FD3-B853-D24977AA74E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d5ff5f24d34b195c277cb863b525ad48d2782ef6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3043850,"id":"Q3043850"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"89edd086228b5bbc5315a6fb74b5ff353c6bfcbc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6608507037162781","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q519793$98885CAA-ED18-47C2-8436-92BA992B416F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3e0decb9c1b5c5be2cd3542bf2e929d444eb2351","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5856898,"id":"Q5856898"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"fd44da0644d19351b2e09af7ba56bdc786e99231","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6579318046569824","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q519793$9D8C93ED-11AF-4B8E-867D-38C7473EFD3A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a53f92a25072690f0cd73044d5adeeb99a3d7a95","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1629002,"id":"Q1629002"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b19b1bb6cbd7bcf2d190a0ed41ddd9f1e29868f9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6567323207855225","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q519793$EF7DBD9B-FEF9-446F-AA0D-BB95B60FCDA7","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q519793$CDE37287-A881-4D1C-978B-720715876F99","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Generalized information equilibrium approaches to EEG sleep stage discrimination","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Generalized_information_equilibrium_approaches_to_EEG_sleep_stage_discrimination"}}}}}