{"entities":{"Q542910":{"pageid":544677,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q542910","lastrevid":62625504,"modified":"2026-04-11T07:21:32Z","type":"item","id":"Q542910","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Criteria for \\(D_4\\) singularities of wave fronts"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5909988"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$12E921D7-4E1C-47E8-A7EF-E6F06B84C97E","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"952e2e36930e9294c6e552da0338593c70f4b1a9","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Criteria for \\(D_4\\) singularities of wave fronts","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$62C3992B-8EF1-4CCB-8C74-D0340A685A97","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"586c077b09ec0cc64c17c254d5cbee2c4bf8bdde","datavalue":{"value":"1233.57017","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$FF1EE3AB-8C4F-4F1F-A28B-7C15D0607231","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e2a9ddf44081901a899ad494db37fa8111d57d2b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":243879,"id":"Q243879"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$51214901-885D-4AB0-97C0-7A13B5E2013E","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"f57d451e29ac1aea784b2facd6b9348f2ad6b455","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":177355,"id":"Q177355"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$50179E5B-36FC-418C-A3B5-611AB6113E27","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"a9da3e2cf3b9d96f1075fbe50eeeb3bf407d9491","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2011-06-20T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$08A3CD3D-9FBA-4E6D-8BA4-45ADC48FB817","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"cbc599e7544cc771e80d03ab838023ce7bdeab3d","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/0906.5270","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$EF97A546-2F56-47BF-91CC-74A04A680C59","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"48000506c74f96cf0407a476eced0eb07a35d15d","datavalue":{"value":"A map \\(f:\\mathbb R^2 \\to\\mathbb R^3\\) is called a wave front if it is the composition of a Legendrian map \\(\\mathbb R^2 \\to S^1(T^*(\\mathbb R^3))\\) and the projection \\(S^1(T^*(\\mathbb R^3))\\to\\mathbb R^3\\). Generic singularities of wave fronts were classified by Arnold and Zakalyukin. Two of the most degenerate generic singularities are called \\(D_4^+\\) and \\(D_4^-\\). The main result of the present paper is a characterization of these singularities in terms of the first derivative and the sign of the determinant of the Hessian of \\(f\\). The author also studies the singular curvatures of cuspidal edges near a \\(D_4^+\\) singularity.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$734ADB29-D354-4035-91C7-FCDBB28788EF","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8475772cd76d70f65896cc465d9126315619c19c","datavalue":{"value":"57R45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$C07C097F-D526-4CB7-8772-39E4D10D3105","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6c588e9ec5e4ce7376bffcdca8114ea3481ef387","datavalue":{"value":"53D99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$2D8A3D45-BEE6-40F1-9024-75DBEB983E0A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2537c8eda8fd9c8bf8aaf5e36a2f684e2bb8e905","datavalue":{"value":"53A05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$F6AF96D1-9155-4946-8906-FB99F5DA7BE7","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"134a2c45146668d0f98d9edb21752ce3f6f6021f","datavalue":{"value":"5909988","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$484A4F7E-995F-4A7C-8EA2-AA7D21F783D8","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8411e18cef6b59c69a917056bf1d60b65a4f9161","datavalue":{"value":"wave front","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$60728990-A81C-494F-AB84-D761BB38787C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"01a7fa2e763b9e6787aa068f596878948747f2ff","datavalue":{"value":"\\(D_4\\) singularity","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$E9FFB669-18BB-4C65-82B6-D4FBC0F166FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"75bce350f3341eeeb185e9e4c0cd757dbaf149cb","datavalue":{"value":"singular curvature","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$899ADF2B-94C7-4BBA-8F21-16616C745E8C","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"d131593b6663becd4cfebfcb773cd75225adfad3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":171341,"id":"Q171341"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$BB2B199A-E90C-4DAA-9FE8-E700664ED6A7","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$C494BE84-1858-489E-BC13-542D06AF41DC","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"8425f155aeff5108a78065dd4ba3b9682a8bdc74","datavalue":{"value":"W2593375479","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$426221D4-C180-466E-9486-2686B7C3F375","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"352f3ff36c4280a8ee85589b9ee385975cee7c81","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1842933,"id":"Q1842933"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$62FF8053-1D45-4C0F-9889-04A193BCB5A3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"05c3051bbdb3f6d313a0766ef1d8047ec591e821","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4112661,"id":"Q4112661"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$20119B91-C3BD-4712-9FA6-7C91B78E1021","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"65f705e91d7533f2a1e953a76d7a7a41da2b70f6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":930500,"id":"Q930500"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$8B83C768-9DF0-4351-8B84-D0B1785CFD23","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2a2a7eae7a4e49fdc0b9e91a0d875c24ae278727","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4460737,"id":"Q4460737"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$FA347E1D-9867-4133-9BF9-80D4A09F8A4D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b72fa87ec0094a21e8ad713a883a6f72c040a6a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5291368,"id":"Q5291368"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$4A30369E-01C2-45C7-B08E-AA93A99D7793","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3ba73a7a2757c3365214140138fb9c5eb77efe3e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2498050,"id":"Q2498050"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$ACE981CF-8F8B-4C41-8238-41585299E052","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8c3696fe6d96ef2bd51cb5993f162b07109a1cdc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5171478,"id":"Q5171478"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$E53D2FEA-0443-4448-BC90-04D26AF5DD74","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0762dd00fcabe8f25fd8d41882d1b562f05c740a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5962085,"id":"Q5962085"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$9DE546A2-F000-4AE0-8849-3917926250A6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"28aae30858e3103319c924711b30745c1b3ed88c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5295343,"id":"Q5295343"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$355D7678-A0A1-41A7-A070-3E401F702838","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"be8cd1f93408adc552c0ed3686d8a704a7c95beb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2493349,"id":"Q2493349"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$D372E0F5-54CE-4373-AE1C-1FBD1A931989","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"edb22b31ab8debe27005f327533585c51558285e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":873736,"id":"Q873736"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$E372460C-4D79-46A8-A76E-415DAFB6E743","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6073fd0dc3e8b542417184643aad02a7cb4e45e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3672755,"id":"Q3672755"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$0AA11094-1277-4C16-86E6-8262DFFC25FA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"79f90b6fdc1ff8e383e5971dfe989b9cacf7385f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":841574,"id":"Q841574"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$49907CD1-97B5-442A-8487-5FC5215F3A2B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b80aa6e8ad92451810aa8f3ac9d1a673d9ca53d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1030022,"id":"Q1030022"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$045D0B3D-A2C9-4FE7-926E-42EF3EEA6007","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3decc5e13a796ecf414383e90d379408cdcae6d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2389143,"id":"Q2389143"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$1178B7EE-ECBF-48E5-8E36-10EB63AFCEBB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"523db8ce3435aba7daaf916281d1dbb775139608","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3628722,"id":"Q3628722"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$C665837E-E20C-4D61-906B-45FAF7674D36","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"de410853df21b037434867bc863b6e68447d584b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":987175,"id":"Q987175"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$DCF06B64-40F9-455C-BC75-4B8995AFDD2B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bc87c42e339ded575be6123f3989d40a190cdf08","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":760064,"id":"Q760064"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$08BDA6A0-A14C-44C2-8424-A62417876D76","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"a3eb44cf12882974bdeb89dcd65bc5d9fd337229","datavalue":{"value":"10.2748/TMJ/1303219939","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q542910$FBFEAF54-A2F2-458A-85BC-252AA5237DC4","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"73c956422fcea186fdd9e48fec6a6e8c2fc37601","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3628722,"id":"Q3628722"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"24ef8988d21c2a17756fe79e36950cd9111f0383","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8005506992340088","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q542910$A3F93989-FF6A-46E8-9C10-CA894284A9A6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eccf7fce5242029b55dda4b0d78fcc12a2253fb2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5070627,"id":"Q5070627"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"abc6d85776bd62376252bb107291b10851194f45","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7851584553718567","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q542910$6C111333-8AD6-421E-9AC8-808F1EC4FC50","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"51b7b69b60df9c8c5546a8e886c74ae0b42e7271","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":987175,"id":"Q987175"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d647119e9cefbe093ccdf5abd5a4460df5e6324a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7668702006340027","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q542910$A3B20991-FE84-4F8D-BFD4-F52816E10791","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b0b12ec5617d70f45ef442ce0c8cb19ee52d4a20","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2389143,"id":"Q2389143"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6e7afdc68e9ba8349b165c88903111bb9b5c266e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7607956528663635","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q542910$EE7F8BA0-D945-480D-B223-8EB1602EFBAC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b9838473758477db7fa2fc1c70e72ea7eff70b72","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":614521,"id":"Q614521"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"289ec6ac019c9722b847b79c0eafb5b881d5c557","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7405394315719604","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q542910$E8840154-64DA-4C9C-B655-29E91098F9B3","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Criteria for \\(D 4\\) singularities of wave fronts","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Criteria_for_%5C(D_4%5C)_singularities_of_wave_fronts"}}}}}