{"entities":{"Q548150":{"pageid":549917,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q548150","lastrevid":57064317,"modified":"2026-03-26T11:38:48Z","type":"item","id":"Q548150","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Weak convergence results for multiple generations of a branching process"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5913954"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$DAF6AD9D-C81F-4B95-848C-051E38AB177C","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"94218c27e78f110b77924fcdf6b33f2b518209c6","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Weak convergence results for multiple generations of a branching process","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$D0D1B1A5-FCF0-4A60-800E-2F0AFDA5DFF5","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"66c875e79398c0dcad6d24605c26c44900690665","datavalue":{"value":"1235.60116","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$6020809E-3D1E-4068-8E68-CE6B5AEA3F73","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"bbc9af370e30ee7d7385a72a0ff90d68dcbd558f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":335638,"id":"Q335638"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$687335DD-BFDC-4DAE-B166-87A07EF4972F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"02d6ae733d11163ea6109ae120a65ada281df448","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":548149,"id":"Q548149"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$BD667947-9FEF-4F64-9C89-F6D6CFBCFCB7","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"0767dbe907f2b468d0869434c8ff22ebf5cc56e0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":189069,"id":"Q189069"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$09BD3F75-419E-4076-8DA8-82F4CF5EBAAF","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"867413887a7ccf081ae51fc77317028b78dc3415","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2011-06-28T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$3CE0E882-E139-49EF-963A-E641303FAA95","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"f43529e0d67e0e67e03cb6917da683428354c576","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/0912.4909","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$A238170B-D766-416C-9471-A9D4696C57DA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"ce6fd644bf741344e027d74b7ea6ded1eb0e5823","datavalue":{"value":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.744.3908","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$8FB54996-A9D4-4A41-B95B-B11016D730D4","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"2507c3695290cabd9e3bca57b02f426e49d5e898","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\xi_{n,j}\\), \\(n,j \\geq 1\\) be i.i.d.\\ \\(\\mathbb{N}_0\\)-valued random variables with distribution \\((p_j)_{j \\geq 0}\\) and mean \\(m = \\sum_{j \\geq 0} j p_j > 0\\). The authors consider the Galton-Watson branching process \\((Z_n)_{n \\geq 0}\\) with \\(Z_n = \\sum_{j=1}^{Z_{n-1}} \\xi_{n,j}\\). \\((Z_n)_{n \\geq 0}\\) is assumed to be non-degenerate in the sense that \\(p_0 + p_1 < 1\\).  For a given complete metric space \\((M,d)\\), the existence of a sequence \\((H_k)_{k \\geq 0}\\) of measurable mappings \\(H_k: \\mathbb{R}^k \\to M\\) is assumed.  Further, a sequence \\((r(n))_{n \\geq 1}\\) with \\(1 \\leq r(n) \\leq n\\) is fixed, \\(r(n) \\to \\infty\\) is allowed. This sequence is used to define  \\[  \\mathbf{X}_{n,r(n)} := (X_{n,Z_{n-1}},X_{n-1,Z_{n-2}},\\ldots,X_{n-r(n)+1,Z_{n-r(n)}},z,z,\\ldots),  \\]  where \\(z\\) is a fixed element in \\(M\\) and  \\[  X_{n-j+1,Z_{n-j}} = H_{Z_{n-j}}(\\xi_{n-j+1,1},\\ldots,\\xi_{n-j+1,Z_{n-j}});  \\]  for convenience, \\(z\\) is chosen to be \\(0\\) when \\(M\\) contains a zero element \\(0\\), which is the case in all applications presented in the paper.  The main theorem of the paper states the following. If the \\(H_k\\) are such that \\(H_k(\\xi_{1,1},\\ldots,\\xi_{1,k}) \\to H\\) weakly for some random element \\(H\\) in \\(M\\) and if \\(P(Z_{n-1} > 0)/P(Z_n>0) \\to 1\\), then the probability measures \\(\\mu_n := \\mathcal{L}(\\mathbf{X}_{n,r(n)})|Z_{n-1}>0)\\) converge weakly to \\(\\mathcal{L}(B_1,B_2,\\ldots)\\), where the \\(B_j\\) are i.i.d.\\ copies of \\(H\\).  Several applications of the main theorem are presented in the paper. Among these applications are a functional CLT, the Darling-Erd\u0151s theorem and a new proof of the CLT for a non-parametric maximum-likelihood estimator of the mean of a supercritical branching process.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$05480956-389B-43B7-B2F3-001DE71B13E5","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"4807194e97e21860be21235e6991c1d3eabfe966","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":334017,"id":"Q334017"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$76E65CC7-9C21-47C9-806E-F735F683455C","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d01ee9b98008029475379a23ca14bb199f2954e6","datavalue":{"value":"60J80","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$E82C2F2A-309B-44B3-A832-D979A87F3E4A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"846badbb8697f1765da78fe3aa22b3e62edb7f0a","datavalue":{"value":"60F17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$CF552838-4089-446E-BA6B-2CC07AD6B8B3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"768e88eb8fd57b1b3642f57f6febfb158cf49c8d","datavalue":{"value":"60B10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$8719C8A8-6B3E-40C9-968C-169500ABBD80","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"8188e1d1d6f02109614828c8172e5145d88b04e3","datavalue":{"value":"5913954","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$92EC4102-30E5-4276-9054-9C57175641BB","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3a8c1c6ec0b769887a2f9fca2905d14cd6abffb1","datavalue":{"value":"branching processes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$8F6A66EF-B8FF-4725-B1E4-5197FC05F0C4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b84d1417212f567618cb44d9093a0b7df55171df","datavalue":{"value":"functional CLT","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$03BE0BDF-B95D-4C5D-A866-A66DFC375BF5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"025d77bd9a18a06258d949817c07d1bc1da3daf2","datavalue":{"value":"Galton-Watson processes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$A9E9351D-AB39-4812-B9D5-0B92882EC99C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3a79171473383d690feabf1a307d2d8be9836991","datavalue":{"value":"Darling-Erd\u0151s theorem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$4DD3D895-AED6-46A2-A961-347AD4D8159E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"806cc4b9ccc9f4c59bb90ff80bc9dbabffee7ede","datavalue":{"value":"extremal distributions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$C17A3605-902A-4313-BA4E-BC3CA111B8D8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b1f663c3d7a483e1cc80201a4cd0066413f2e182","datavalue":{"value":"weighted \\(c_0\\) spaces","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$AA32EE6A-A309-4B7F-A2AB-C7CD816BAF84","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$1314C253-1B4B-4E7E-97DA-EF1F5B6226C1","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"bcf47765dfa20a7c1bc5862ab02133b7500f0f9b","datavalue":{"value":"W2963856338","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$55578F0F-3FFE-4352-B437-234BCA085635","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6ae000096e5ef685fe9b59d423a301504ae15065","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5674726,"id":"Q5674726"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$33572C0A-F7CC-494B-9FDD-152A858197CB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c1e31fd78d6ab366b9b045d637407ee147a2951b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4269108,"id":"Q4269108"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$06A4BB3A-33D0-4FF0-9A01-3779ABDCD9B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e24c62341b60d37d04c1decf2d9c391afd409aa7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1263160,"id":"Q1263160"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$716C73E2-4A27-4D01-96B8-A1D61102177C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a0476d1af0ca27b1873c2d7be733e9c68f7d7194","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4671206,"id":"Q4671206"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$79E3B586-08CA-468B-B9C9-0BA0AB15394E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ef8833c4dd9df8cd6d60702c8f8db4a243866e0a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4236693,"id":"Q4236693"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$867F9730-D673-4E38-9927-326D79EF1FB5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"60678c71678975bebf0ac284933369c5cb2c5e12","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2380091,"id":"Q2380091"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$242B9F74-7CCA-4EBF-883F-8C57F09A04C0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e19b9bc1008ff9f25abded0d27854d697bcbbb35","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5342250,"id":"Q5342250"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$D8CEDE5C-19B1-402E-9B5A-A51CF4E8C56B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"23bed7506874310355fff12383c11b903c05008c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5533878,"id":"Q5533878"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$66D3718B-049C-4E9B-8D7D-BBD66AF107EA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4ad83192caf0aa08103f6d4096233388461f5fda","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1244739,"id":"Q1244739"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$BB6E9354-AAA5-4AD2-991E-0199E2B0B98C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"827d80e96197043f8a11e7440413cf473e3c72b9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5549437,"id":"Q5549437"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$290DF1A0-4427-480F-B125-9F99B3B6DBB8","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"9d9df4408e4e256f708578da9c2aa860d70be4d0","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10959-009-0266-Y","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q548150$3D3FCA49-6971-4220-868A-4AA35EBFD8D2","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5905cedbe66b24ed20c20338ea2eefb2b3d7b530","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2900953,"id":"Q2900953"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"99a7a7286fa997aaff4e92aa4528f04406f5f200","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8654751181602478","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q548150$31232358-846A-4FB6-A185-DEFD36803103","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6d7d4cba38b64c0b3e6dcd4fb244d6ee4ed911b8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1890724,"id":"Q1890724"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4467487629048da2b8c1c55066d80c3cd015ee70","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8099002838134766","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q548150$DDAC4B75-CDB0-4AF9-8136-7B4985BF619C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5eeabde8325823019eefdaf503a70260fb6c0139","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4939340,"id":"Q4939340"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"15308d3daa3faecfaee4bf2e13f56251bade883c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8090254664421082","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q548150$D79731D6-F181-469B-A7C1-3ACAAECB57D7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b49f0aaedb7946db6453257dc8d9d99840bbb8dd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3469993,"id":"Q3469993"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dc7a6ac342ca553b01b6d74417dc9e10894a7402","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7973672151565552","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q548150$3588BC4C-7F2F-4CB2-9117-32991EFCA837","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e1497091c3319a825e3eab92de723a275fc19392","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3776338,"id":"Q3776338"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e4cc6f220849c92d5355709b71541b06d27c917b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7833674550056458","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q548150$E8AC636C-4A8D-44B0-8E59-45D781BD9BC2","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:548150","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:548150"}}}}}