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Moreover, in order to prove that (given a set \\(X\\) and a field \\(\\mathbb K\\) of characteristic zero) the Lie algebra \\(\\mathcal L (\\mathbb K \\langle X \\rangle)\\) of the Lie polynomials in the letters of \\(X\\) (over the field \\(\\mathbb K\\)) is a free Lie algebra generated by \\(X\\), all available proofs use the embedding of a Lie algebra \\(\\mathfrak g\\) into its enveloping algebra \\(\\mathcal U(\\mathfrak g)\\). The aim of this paper is to give a much simpler proof of the latter fact without the aid of the cited embedding nor of the Poincar\u00e9-Birkhoff-Witt theorem. As an application of our result and of a theorem due to Cartier (1956), we show the relationships existing between the theorem of Poincar\u00e9-Birkhoff-Witt, the theorem of Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff, and the existence of free Lie 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