{"entities":{"Q555235":{"pageid":557002,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q555235","lastrevid":62712252,"modified":"2026-04-11T07:56:23Z","type":"item","id":"Q555235","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Minimal surfaces with only horizontal symmetries"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5931063"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$7A582235-F7F5-4844-957B-2304B31C837D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"de8d51ecf08fe2270296a431926524a743adb9c0","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Minimal surfaces with only horizontal symmetries","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$E2A5A817-DFFB-495C-9A48-DC00B1F0F082","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"1f4a7169aa8bb044254a73ac8d470ed968a9b639","datavalue":{"value":"1225.53010","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$1988F5AA-6F88-40ED-89FF-38B6AE253C92","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"ff18146b32fbaabea1a95a96730efef6db2bf67a","datavalue":{"value":"10.5402/2011/943462","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$9C8334C0-DE29-4390-A627-6F7185153B62","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"4c0223a1e1bdce5b9545f4abccfe58b67c9b73e9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":555232,"id":"Q555232"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$B4E334F3-9BC3-46C1-BE05-0525BD71A482","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"b48ee5b5a123a0d8fe979e4c4a6e13b9bce54222","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":555233,"id":"Q555233"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$6232D232-899A-4BA1-B771-E00132E9B164","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"cdfa1e641f3bd7be9998e6dd907578044e671760","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":555234,"id":"Q555234"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$4474023A-63E4-4A84-9847-E068D65F0C31","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c10507c62b5234e336216f2f9e5555023a4722f2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":373473,"id":"Q373473"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$1AA05624-85CD-4FFB-8A07-204E739256E1","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"5df4dafb857e4cd4bb21e9474aea0b1df6d758d6","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2011-07-22T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$BAEAC5E8-981A-43B2-96E9-5C932F690498","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"86a014d469b69ccbae4f4d7899897566c7a1ae2a","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.0988","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$D98CA1D8-C044-471B-81F4-CFC2012A347A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"e8ad08802c08365d28ee6826d52e2ecc82b137d7","datavalue":{"value":"The Schwarz reflection principle states that a minimal surface in \\({\\mathbb R}^3\\) is invariant under reflections in the plane of its principal geodesics and also invariant under \\(180^\\circ\\)-rotation about its straight lines. With these properties, M. Weber introduced a horizontal symmetry and a vertical symmetry. A horizontal symmetry is a reflection at a vertical plane or a rotation about a horizontal line. A vertical symmetry is a reflection at a horizontal plane or a rotation about a vertical line. It is easy to find complete minimal surfaces in \\({\\mathbb R}^3\\) -- except the triply periodic minimal surfaces -- for which these symmetries are either only horizontal or only vertical. For instance, the Costa surface has only horizontal symmetries. The doubly periodic examples found by \\textit{W. H. Meeks III} and \\textit{H. Rosenberg} [Invent. Math. 97, No.~2, 351--379 (1989; Zbl 0676.53068)] have only vertical symmetries. However, in the class of triply periodic minimal surfaces, almost all known examples have either both or none of these symmetries, after a suitable motion in \\({\\mathbb R}^3\\).   In this paper, the authors give existence proofs for examples that are triply periodic minimal surfaces with only horizontal symmetries, of which the translation group is given by an orthogonal lattice. They prove that there exists a one-parameter family of triply periodic minimal surfaces in \\({\\mathbb R}^3\\) such that the quotient of each surface by its translation group has genus 9, and the whole surface is generated by a fundamental piece, which is a surface with boundary consisting of four curves, each contained in a vertical plane.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$7AC0EE59-7E34-4682-B888-B63337BDF666","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"e7c59b51a6cf1bbc067e46c936a7cf4ec9e2e701","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":181350,"id":"Q181350"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$4DF35734-AFAE-4F12-BF3E-542590C07312","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"bc017709646ef16ca12bd1be91bc933686869604","datavalue":{"value":"53A10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$8CD1C9BB-4166-4C70-A17B-170901027297","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7eb48aee4c53dad4ea8ec453373e4b388dc72981","datavalue":{"value":"49Q05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$B92AF90B-8E1B-4980-8C09-6CE45161CE92","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"bdc7e72f54a72954ce745f9597b63fb6884e7234","datavalue":{"value":"5931063","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$8D6C71C4-7503-468C-9AC0-1853C4FC0729","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d76726d43d2942ba152ddd89a349b56887908a7e","datavalue":{"value":"minimal surface","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$9D68C0ED-E2C2-46AC-941E-E251690C58C3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4a556cc642a17593118d623fa76db124a96b9f1f","datavalue":{"value":"triply periodic minimal surface","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$E45DBD66-CBD4-428C-AFF8-C88A934D523D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8edcf2ac570706bf185f5587ca022da34a301e5f","datavalue":{"value":"horizontal symmetry","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$756969F1-6744-4BD9-99C7-E6F48B02959C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"76e93d997fefb153d6a4ea1761c4cd5f0d749f0d","datavalue":{"value":"vertical symmetry","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$C623F924-9A00-4358-8B07-24F2CDD481DC","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"69947f573dcc366341266c5a0e3cf53085bae343","datavalue":{"value":"Q58690179","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$008DD349-B7BD-42EC-8627-1FCEE080ACF5","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$38D23488-4BE8-442F-9AF4-0225EF9407BD","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"b77596f65849d5fabc361202985303a946a6b01e","datavalue":{"value":"W2060822101","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$6C0D5C38-E98A-4207-8FCC-64CF358F92B3","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b790d9866b03d8f091f2a3f4a7ee6d070c427c6b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4720335,"id":"Q4720335"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$9B7B74BB-C68B-4727-A7DF-BEF58ACEBAB9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b617c4fcefea2441439e7756e5eecaf15c2ef9c2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1263087,"id":"Q1263087"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$6E13E4F3-3FB6-4FE8-979C-AA1C25EAB9C3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cb30d2807228b57094de97b6452be3f23c5c792e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4010869,"id":"Q4010869"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$59A69727-DEAA-4D0D-9694-E239D6E4DB5E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3ebcf9ca4e9394eb7b832de30b0190ce912a5608","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1122797,"id":"Q1122797"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$BE7F6E2D-018C-430D-9A4F-CB014500D137","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7138a65d8bf85ed6608159f79fb7cdbadb775840","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":814647,"id":"Q814647"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$DDE2B948-8595-4A2C-BBEB-D9AF5B12DFE7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"25ecca6443693d9dbfa3dd97c11c959a91d5ed01","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1905836,"id":"Q1905836"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$08E59531-88A9-4556-A617-936C10AC2741","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1e71875bcbb2d8cea915083ebee19de981006036","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3140608,"id":"Q3140608"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$5824155B-17D6-4474-925A-4334C2F3947A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"90ba8498e858b72ab1332bee351c031ae9fa5a31","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":930642,"id":"Q930642"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$E3C6DC8D-B941-450C-986A-E1DB12E685FE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ce08c3f7fd3c1658f0fc81766507df61bf3fad23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1016510,"id":"Q1016510"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$A9000478-80C2-413A-B379-6C347B453872","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b1ab724de5abbc5a6c6d3723ab338d1fb5a93639","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":605059,"id":"Q605059"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$D104ED23-34E3-4646-9A3C-A662F15FED0E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2d6818a6cdd52cce70844ed602824e37e46ef5e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4521595,"id":"Q4521595"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$3123186B-5B7B-4FD1-87EF-85CFD802D8D3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8c9dd59f8b48d9466af576c9ab91b013c1047475","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":699742,"id":"Q699742"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$35230FDB-2B64-4F33-B406-174B2A956812","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fcc78d28441c1d39e747590202e18f315c498172","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1970324,"id":"Q1970324"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$6FE804ED-52D6-4E1C-BB40-D701B096F589","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4a5a8065a905fe550099fd6828fa46f60aa37c13","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4693037,"id":"Q4693037"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$8BC6F4BB-C98B-4495-912C-B600BFD2863D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d7f7e5f80662cc4a82dbd7a4aac6c3f4b6d4f37e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5611582,"id":"Q5611582"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$EC0449A6-0630-4FED-9C1C-B677BC19F84E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8f484f3f3fb0e35b79ef0ba2e542f531d54a2a87","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3931657,"id":"Q3931657"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q555235$BA370058-935A-4729-A11C-A75D036BCB1A","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0aab63e328ad995e7591c51ae64d4329f551c0d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1016510,"id":"Q1016510"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e35b800118b35e65703e7c15dd43cbdad0912ce8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.813281238079071","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q555235$ABEF738E-178F-443E-939E-CCBB575B5EA7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4a29d70d767cd3a60ca3004dc1c6de1317963808","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2303733,"id":"Q2303733"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"79f41f7ad8148ab64f2c6f5fce595a2f8b281f7d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8055891990661621","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q555235$88C0A6B8-BCEE-417E-9838-31557B51121D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"04546fe454af2a44f0afc52f1ccdcfe189c165b9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2065851,"id":"Q2065851"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"becec3d0ab0b6fd438f88242edca97e37e14d793","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7994269728660583","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q555235$A94C8F68-F0C6-493A-9045-0E6F92D85A8E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"21a05ddf54a26f9f9967434f9bfd8f7381c0963c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1314916,"id":"Q1314916"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ba4792eb014a09bae3dc741fb4d37f77b93cebc2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.790529191493988","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q555235$8E03D57A-1E2E-4501-953E-E8F8FA54F409","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"411c9d4e9875fdd291bec43fc53288cd49152d33","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1312812,"id":"Q1312812"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ba4792eb014a09bae3dc741fb4d37f77b93cebc2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.790529191493988","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q555235$47237389-8B50-4EDE-85DD-AE3CD7BBA72A","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Minimal surfaces with only horizontal symmetries","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Minimal_surfaces_with_only_horizontal_symmetries"}}}}}