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Let \\(R\\) be a semiprime ring with characteristic zero or a prime, \\(Q\\) the symmetric Martindale quotient ring of \\(R\\), \\(C\\) the extended centroid of \\(R\\), and \\(D\\) a nilpotent derivation of \\(R\\).   When \\(R\\) is a prime ring with \\(\\text{char\\,}R=0\\), the authors re-prove the known result that \\(D=ad(b)\\) is inner for some \\(b\\in Q\\), nilpotent of index \\(n\\), and so, the index of nilpotence of \\(D\\) is \\(2n-1\\). When \\(R\\) is prime with \\(\\text{char\\,}R=p\\geq 2\\) then some \\(p\\)-th power \\(D^{p^s}=ad(b)\\) for \\(b\\in Q\\) algebraic over \\(C\\) with minimal polynomial \\((x^{p^t}-c)^k\\) for \\(c\\in C\\), \\(t\\geq 0\\), \\(k\\geq 1\\) and \\((p,k)=1\\), and the index of nilpotence of \\(D\\) is explicitly defined in terms of \\(s\\), \\(t\\), and the \\(p\\)-adic representation of \\(k\\).   Using the theory of orthogonal completions, the authors extend these results for prime rings to semiprime rings with characteristic. 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