{"entities":{"Q567115":{"pageid":568882,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q567115","lastrevid":62802573,"modified":"2026-04-11T08:32:40Z","type":"item","id":"Q567115","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Une nouvelle classe de continus"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2550991"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$24EF0114-AC93-4784-BA49-5B59402692C0","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"23ba08a5b17a09eaba22597ec759d5a08934d8f3","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Une nouvelle classe de continus","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$34218BD6-D24E-4366-A56D-384675232F9E","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"29e9244e966821c66d9f2b237520950536ae000d","datavalue":{"value":"58.0642.01","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$63B8537A-9EA8-4919-A634-E52186955E98","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"5797d223f34682fa810388331056bbf163f31972","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":559381,"id":"Q559381"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$0F1C627B-0F11-4A9C-B528-41B121E77030","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7bbb53abe68aac0eeb25dacc2ea1a7274c90a69a","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1932-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$2774C025-A37A-4897-A43B-4BFD22D8270D","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"1b376ca43f08c4a1a3bffc7cd2bf2f2caf1a0257","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/212562","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$38EB46D2-7092-49D5-89ED-3587E8799E01","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"a182a881dcdc8811419c48701a6d0ebc919f83f8","datavalue":{"value":"\\textit{\u010cech} hat das folgende Problem gestellt: Welchen notwendigen und hinreichenden Bedingungen hat ein kompaktes Kontinuum \\(C\\) zu gen\u00fcgen, damit auf \\(C\\) eine reelle stetige Funktion existiert, die jeden Wert nur endlich oft annimmt?  \\textit{\u010cech} selbst weist die folgenden notwendigen Bedingungen nach: \\(C\\) ist eine regul\u00e4re Kurve; die Menge \\(E\\) der Endpunkte von \\(C\\) besitzt keinen in sich dichten Bestandteil (und ist deshalb abz\u00e4hlbar); die abgeschlossene H\u00fclle der menge \\(V\\) der Verzweigungspunkte von \\(C\\) ist punkthaft.  \\textit{Mazurkiewicz} gelingt es sodann, wenigstens f\u00fcr den Fall der Baumkurven \\(D\\) notwendige und hinreichende Bedingungen aufzustellen. Zu diesem Zweck f\u00fchrt er die folgenden Begriffe ein:  \\(U\\) sei eine Teilmenge von \\(D\\); er bezeichnet als ``point limite bilat\u00e9ral'' (abgek\u00fcrzt: ``p. l. b.'') von \\(U\\) jeden Punkt \\(b\\in D\\) derart, da\u00df\\ f\u00fcr zwei Konstituanten \\(T_1, T_2\\) von \\(D-b\\) die Relation gilt: \\(b\\in (T_1\\times U)'+(T_2\\times U)'\\). Mit \\(\\Phi (U)\\) bezeichnet er die ``zweiseitige Koh\u00e4renz'' von \\(U\\), d. h. die Menge der in \\(U\\) enthaltenen p.l.b. von \\(U\\). Er setzt ferner: \\(\\Phi _0(U)=U\\), \\(\\Phi _{\\alpha +1}(U)=\\Phi (\\Phi _\\alpha (U))\\) und (f\u00fcr eine Limeszahl \\(\\alpha \\)) \\(\\Phi _\\alpha (U)=\\prod _{\\beta <\\alpha }\\Phi _\\beta (U)\\). Es existiert eine erste Ordinalzahl \\(\\lambda (U)\\), f\u00fcr welche \\(\\Phi _\\lambda (U)=\\Phi _{\\lambda +1}(U)\\) ist. Falls \\(\\Phi _\\lambda (U)=0\\) ist, so bezeichnet er \\(U\\) als ``reduzibel durch die Operation \\(\\Phi \\)''  \\textit{Mazurkiewicz} beweist nun: Die gesuchte notwendige und hinreichende Bedingung f\u00fcr eine Baumkurve \\(D\\) besteht darin, da\u00df\\ a) die Menge \\(E\\) der Endpunkte von \\(D\\) abz\u00e4hlbar und b) die Menge \\(V\\) der Verzweigungspunkte von \\(D\\) durch die Operation \\(\\Phi \\) reduzibel ist.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$6ACF1684-2988-49EF-988F-CD648BDDBA5C","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"7d7923c037d08e9c855d51e85e429e19b6f3debe","datavalue":{"value":"2550991","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$07C101E3-5810-4A56-8681-58F74C7EFAF9","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$3A519737-AD69-430F-AD71-1B051850638C","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"ba756c30c4ff0eee2431827739621c22d9378eba","datavalue":{"value":"W854539546","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$2CF7DD4F-62C6-46C3-B028-74941BB96688","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"0605e584b5fb17d685792accfaeac2696c70130a","datavalue":{"value":"10.4064/FM-18-1-85-87","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$742F54E7-7E0C-4C59-9166-C1551AAD6C69","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9a52db565686ee8a19624bbb5b63beaea4dc6623","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6481444,"id":"Q6481444"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q567115$ED97E01A-D976-43F9-90E0-DE9682F2719A","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Une nouvelle classe de continus","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Une_nouvelle_classe_de_continus"}}}}}