{"entities":{"Q579338":{"pageid":581105,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q579338","lastrevid":62926143,"modified":"2026-04-11T09:01:35Z","type":"item","id":"Q579338","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Almost split sequences in dimension two"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4014866"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$2D148C09-1465-444A-8F76-187D824B6281","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"f78c7f736f54062a45388bb38155f4d0176d4547","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Almost split sequences in dimension two","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$BCF137F6-725E-481D-90E3-C8E5AEB3984C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"114eb3e01885063f039763ca59ccbcb2dc4c2bcc","datavalue":{"value":"0625.13013","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$D972E4AC-CF4B-46FE-BCB4-AB91645EA0EA","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"77861bbd6ab7240305d227f85da56efdf223af22","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0001-8708(87)90031-4","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$628159E1-1C6D-4297-9E17-0D03D7C75FEE","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"87fedd43d9515b94c7651de65777aba7be17422f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":165833,"id":"Q165833"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$88386583-A3E2-4B4F-A6A3-E624B34B5C8A","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"5ae48c61eed19d1e1e1f33f9255d5b329362d064","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1987-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$522F2AC8-253E-491C-BAC2-416D7F32B140","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"7e21510cc4420f0679490084bd38e40e0010fbaa","datavalue":{"value":"The results of this paper are closely related to those of two previous articles by \\textit{M. Auslander} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 293, 511-531 (1986; Zbl 0594.20030) and ``Isolated singularities and almost split sequences'', in Representation theory I, Finite dimensional algebras, Proc. 4th Int. Conf., Ottawa/Can. 1984, Lect. Notes Math. 1178, 194-241 (1986)].    In the first part of the paper, the existence of almost split sequences in the category \\underbar{CM}S of maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules over a complete two-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local ring S is discussed. If C is an indecomposable module in \\(\\underline {CM}S\\), and C is not free, it is proved that an almost split sequence \\(0\\to A\\to B\\to C\\to 0\\) exists if and only if C is free at height one primes. Furthermore, an exact sequence \\(0\\to \\omega \\to B\\to S\\to k\\to 0\\) is constructed, with \\(\\omega\\) the dualizing module, \\(B\\in \\underline{CM}S\\), and k the residue field of S, which for any \\(S_ 2\\)-module M \\((M\\in \\underline{CM}S)\\), which is indecomposable, not free, and free at height one primes, produces an exact sequence \\((*)\\quad 0\\to Hom_ S(M^*,\\omega)\\to Hom_ S(M^*,B)\\to M\\to 0,\\) where \\(M^*=Hom_ S(M,\\omega).\\) In this setup a trace function \\(t: \\Gamma = End_ S(M)\\to S\\) is defined, and in case it satisfies \\(t(rad(\\Gamma))\\subset rad(S)\\) (which is known to hold ife.g. S is a domain) (*) is an almost split sequence in \\(\\underline {CM}S\\) if and only if \\(t(\\Gamma)\\not\\subset rad(S)\\). These results were known earlier in the case of normal domains (loc. cit.).    The second part of the paper establishes similar statements for two- dimensional positively graded rings \\(S=(S_ i| i\\in {\\mathbb{Z}}),\\) generated by \\(S_ 1\\) over the infinite field \\(k=S_ 0\\), and maximal Cohen-Macaulay graded S-modules. Sheafification yields results on the existence and structure of almost split sequences in the category of Cohen-Macaulay coherent sheaves over a connected projective Cohen- Macaulay curve X. An indecomposable \\({\\mathcal F}\\) is locally free if and only if there exists such a sequence terminating at \\({\\mathcal F}\\). Furthermore, such a sequence starts with \\({\\mathcal F}\\otimes_{{\\mathcal O}_ X}\\omega_ X\\), where \\(\\omega_ X\\) is the dualizing sheaf, and when the rank of \\({\\mathcal F}\\) is not divisible by the characteristic of k, the sequence is induced by tensoring with \\({\\mathcal F}^ a\\) fixed almost split sequence \\(0\\to \\omega_ X\\to {\\mathcal E}_ X\\to {\\mathcal O}_ X\\to 0.\\)","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$A7DDBA81-ABAF-43A0-BA3F-E5BD7836C400","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"ac7a1c973058e33904e36c86423cca844c1550ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":208196,"id":"Q208196"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$81552B2D-1B30-42EB-BED7-23642C1AAD24","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"56ca73afe9d1ec6e8a72b978e443de5202dd5159","datavalue":{"value":"13H10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$7D9D1CCA-D055-46F8-B55D-0F6CEFFCBC92","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6e93be51ca4a8cf8588ed10d171d63a4564b84a1","datavalue":{"value":"14F05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$DFF57EB7-831E-47D4-93BC-52908663F13B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9f44c3e05f007359b39a58b0e4e67e343748285e","datavalue":{"value":"13C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$FD46D9DF-048D-452F-B7AD-79D24192C24E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"99c27e09fa243dec33ba15f384f6aea1342b3613","datavalue":{"value":"13D25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$AB489A47-A974-4D3D-B1A2-52491C958C83","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"291b81c5154e0c4a5e2a3ce3c8448d5a76e58f07","datavalue":{"value":"16Gxx","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$03ABE694-818E-41C7-863D-0DA5A7CF2D9F","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"523b8aa0162785b60681f984b4199a527f37d1aa","datavalue":{"value":"4014866","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$5FCCE9A8-3B78-4058-9B18-6CA74318CCCD","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8c670f13a10ff7fc2f091e62054ad3896cfba154","datavalue":{"value":"finite representation type","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$F6597971-C74F-4074-87A4-340C8DA8AABC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8273e72dd498a6e6ec44e3e6f50061d89324c737","datavalue":{"value":"locally free sheaves","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$8C104EF6-84CD-479A-933C-FDDF32F71E98","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3d67188e5cf4a55663497d499faaa2fa20660cbf","datavalue":{"value":"existence of almost split sequences","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$2057A2C1-48AF-4A1B-9499-F16845D8A24B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"47b52e6e4af5b3d5e9387cf0064ab06842783920","datavalue":{"value":"maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$9D9D5F7C-7093-45C3-AC9B-6CEC6B8A6221","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a471976c7c855c13a54167e422cb3914a03cb641","datavalue":{"value":"dualizing module","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$C834501A-43DA-4AD9-AB8D-7D16488C7FB2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"94b1def7306ea50ad3bd5be94d09f9a91c63fa1a","datavalue":{"value":"Cohen- Macaulay graded","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$DEBBD591-2653-435F-A8DD-57666805CB46","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d76399371d3e691a341004bdc75dda320d83a9b3","datavalue":{"value":"dualizing sheaf","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$D69FE07C-AD00-43F8-85A2-C9C105512713","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"696ea1fc78c0b2b9a31c0fc66bfabfcee2596879","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":772054,"id":"Q772054"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$3F36265E-17A5-4CC5-B482-E68586F310E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"50e3a47c9741b371d6ff5968101f0a2176e8d91e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":182296,"id":"Q182296"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$004222D6-6BD0-47A7-A121-97F1B4484CA8","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$955F91A8-1424-49B7-BB8A-561CBC33A52E","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"83ad269a9027b834d47775130265062e0de29476","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8708(87)90031-4","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$E08ABEBC-CBCB-4BC9-BF21-A4C14C3F5EF9","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"481de094c4edbbb9cce6876e3bac7ab747a5351b","datavalue":{"value":"W1995830169","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$D57E0CB7-B9F5-42C4-B06C-471B151FDF1C","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"9a0468522ffaff5009eb9948f31e333f98010ba2","datavalue":{"value":"Q105554293","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$C9F7534F-E269-46FA-9C8C-5FFCA0DA471A","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2104a712da19bf34fbac7f4da14c3a882c8d95ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3252329,"id":"Q3252329"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$5332453D-DC48-471B-BCF9-ADB9E7A55350","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"01d20ddb415378462214b3fe664669e497eef7ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4134108,"id":"Q4134108"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$41E967D3-9258-4779-B4E6-398AD02A68DB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"054182de110e472804dfb0813e915e2b6a3cb41e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4163648,"id":"Q4163648"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$5CC37214-E7B1-49FA-A30B-66A666E6D68B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cdeddae589897d1472404d30af3db7a68163ba06","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3724547,"id":"Q3724547"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$7DBF43BC-0751-46D1-8552-D09BC9D38868","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9e6a72de71ffffbaef34ebcc5cb7bf29a71940a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1844903,"id":"Q1844903"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$B541EADB-18A8-45AE-BF30-F49DC0827561","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ba07c0b7e20b7d2d74a83ca058ef25c8cc9dd607","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4097441,"id":"Q4097441"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$E6A1562C-FB10-49B4-91B7-9F481D031E6D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7204512281a24463399f77584bc017dbc31eb6bd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1813212,"id":"Q1813212"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$93945A4F-BF45-4073-A588-FD873F95B846","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"999e8f688d290a3754e6fd0578a1f469d9cf4418","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1167248,"id":"Q1167248"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$922CA080-39F7-40EF-91A7-D1C7F60ED864","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6ef65941948808a7144284888870d8cf481e8b06","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3844064,"id":"Q3844064"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$BE367B8B-EFF1-4159-8742-7663B6C2EF98","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ac4f903e6bb26c7daa8a6d2bb7791d23d31c8d8b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1160605,"id":"Q1160605"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$E6A55368-E725-4A20-B970-926C33DD53F6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"00478403e808336182c8cbd6f4a8edfb9259bd90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3691881,"id":"Q3691881"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q579338$015598C6-9DC9-4855-9516-4D64A057E101","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"266d15f2a288efaa10df99d1371d3981bb20ef9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3828108,"id":"Q3828108"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3b4b8f51589aa89655f2f4445fd06bb5136813fe","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8701244592666626","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q579338$96BD9CFD-F5C9-4069-BB3E-BF74E79D0EB4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"49704dcc435ed12dd8c3b71fccff11f8ccb84ec7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1087590,"id":"Q1087590"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"80604529eebc09d7c97c457c731b46a40af94300","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.867902398109436","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q579338$F99EE2AF-148A-4E15-8E06-4C02DC6BF975","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e15991a077b2b805ed0cce2aed0879076563aeca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2865125,"id":"Q2865125"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a108620342c16f6b28b079087a667de38d2e7c0c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8566613793373108","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q579338$2526A07B-BB71-4F3D-83FD-B5AF3D6A31D8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3c0975cbe9d69985f5cac29f69954feb35fe529d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3769015,"id":"Q3769015"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e8f707aa831ac2129cfd991f5e100d16a05b2183","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.853282630443573","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q579338$5692E94B-EE88-4B94-A515-1722101AFB85","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dc44ef0a5c152ce83cde45e9012d1e1dbb0df897","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3772329,"id":"Q3772329"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b88fbf9bfb1b9030ebc204d3e2ef720aebf7105c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8405114412307739","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q579338$5FF9D33C-3D6C-40B1-A163-E64CDBD6E853","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Almost split sequences in dimension two","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Almost_split_sequences_in_dimension_two"}}}}}