{"entities":{"Q582386":{"pageid":584153,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q582386","lastrevid":62959107,"modified":"2026-04-11T09:15:07Z","type":"item","id":"Q582386","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A uniqueness proof for the Monster"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4130648"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$66C682CC-5038-433F-B45C-FEB593051D8F","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"c857609816e6d30c6887ff22cc9e0cbb6a69a0be","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A uniqueness proof for the Monster","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$A149C421-6FC7-405D-84FA-175F7CA03EE7","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"fc23ab8e1c108c67ad1701c1c4e4a1ce0c085a5f","datavalue":{"value":"0691.20014","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$A43B8F12-EBF4-4BF7-B1CD-F7B553A10733","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"7388b260aca0c1c055e5e55d6ab0a290fb3d4ada","datavalue":{"value":"10.2307/1971455","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$DA465953-8042-42EB-ACBA-C6DA7C40A790","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"6c6aed88e63a5e38022584120f6f90dd8ecf2ccb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169347,"id":"Q169347"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$F02D43B2-117D-4D8B-83EF-3AA86AA8EB18","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"87d2e10535dfec71b0a3ceb0fcf48b7bf1bfab50","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":226911,"id":"Q226911"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$FD10D0AD-998A-4585-BA86-7F7FFC6097B6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"f8aa33866d502f6a45c6e3696988835bc6f5f0ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":206330,"id":"Q206330"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$96D3C778-5C8A-4966-BD06-FC8E7FDB5273","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"553c7ad508f4615999d4ef926cfdf75d436f510c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":175062,"id":"Q175062"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$FD4AB1AC-47E4-404B-84FB-80CC0EDA141F","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7211ad5ca16eb0d22cd0051fff3d0f3af254ceb6","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1989-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$4C30F7F9-9500-44FB-A96D-9874C60686FF","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"404d25678b78cfcb6f9b736d6548360b647233b2","datavalue":{"value":"The authors give a proof of the uniqueness of the Monster group discovered by B. Fischer and R. Griess. Here the Monster group is defined as a finite group \\(G\\) possessing two involutions \\(a\\) and \\(z\\) such that \\(C_ G(a)\\) is of \\(2.F_ 2\\)-type and \\(C_ G(z)\\) is of \\(2^{1+24}Co_ 1\\)-type. \\textit{J. Thompson} showed [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 11, 340-346 (1979; Zbl 0424.20012)] that under the assumption that \\(G\\) possesses an irreducible representation over \\({\\mathbb{C}}\\) of degree 196883, \\(G\\) is uniquely determined. Later \\textit{S. Norton} showed [Proc. CMS Conf. 1982, Contemp. Math. 45, 271-285 (1985; Zbl 0577.20013)] that under certain hypotheses \\(G\\) in fact possesses such a representation. But most details of the proof have never appeared. In the present paper the authors now give a complete uniqueness proof. They investigate the graph \\(\\Gamma\\) whose vertices are the conjugacy class of the involution \\(a\\) and two such involutions are joined by an edge if there product is again conjugated to \\(a\\). They show that the graph \\(\\Gamma\\) is simply connected, which means that it is uniquely determined by the given data. While the graph is determined just by involutions conjugated to \\(a\\), for the determination of the structure of \\(\\Gamma\\) the centralizer of \\(z\\) plays an important role. Finally they show that \\(G\\) is in fact the automorphism group of \\(\\Gamma\\) yielding the uniqueness of the Monster.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$B909A94E-D54B-495F-8D43-473C1CCF6BB7","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"465e0c375a709ba4e154a6837a439b318bab169f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":172206,"id":"Q172206"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$7CD42B03-A56C-4E86-9D85-BE3A25468D3D","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"760e7e883b324f8e9ca39536dab668d9184172e8","datavalue":{"value":"20D08","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$ACEFBAC9-BA15-4492-B368-4F3D4354EA70","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d42408b3b2a5719112a50156031a4dfd0836cf9b","datavalue":{"value":"20D05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$2149E6EE-96BC-4075-9123-26557B0C57A8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"74e7832a915a62c417a3bf8c026eff5989fd94d3","datavalue":{"value":"05C25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$BD823E61-0EC2-4675-802B-1A26484D92E2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"25c8936003d39e41a9c8a541470f5aac0fe1fa32","datavalue":{"value":"20B25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$53B26F77-5E44-4EEC-BD83-4D39816515E1","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"1e2ff59706274bcd5fd34b002c0465b01862e3b1","datavalue":{"value":"4130648","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$19280E1C-2B04-43F2-90D5-485136509A90","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e0af121cc795cd96be150e1860b7c5be06ddea48","datavalue":{"value":"uniqueness of the Monster","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$4C923349-D904-4A62-8E14-7501243358BB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"233d1ef190369a24a1057a03c61a601b48485d67","datavalue":{"value":"involutions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$E7672673-5F8B-4545-B328-FA61CF21DE25","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7ce3845b9d26ce02e7dd2904503e2a7f4b0548c6","datavalue":{"value":"groups of \\(Co_1\\)-type","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$132D3F53-1A75-49CF-AE26-6CFFC83A6DD9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"19e4861b5470a1a2da71ad5e0f468219d0eb6dd3","datavalue":{"value":"irreducible representations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$9DAF5248-4692-4457-A8AB-77CF04FE0FED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e67914042b887a511d95c1d0a4a005005f180f8d","datavalue":{"value":"conjugacy classes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$6942AFD5-8B03-4D2C-8672-9D0EEC1353F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d3e2c5cdbb9bf737c4fa7ac78971f831677d8a1d","datavalue":{"value":"graphs","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$85005B4E-8501-4500-82AA-A35672945844","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d8db3395418ef97bd5a003e7dc8a17940fb14ddd","datavalue":{"value":"automorphism groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$E493416F-14B6-4F6C-B640-9183BD179C2D","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$991770EA-67EB-433B-96EB-6823593D6E06","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"36ad3b61a1d1910108d5a9237e0efeb03689536a","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1971455","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$39E8A712-CDE1-46D9-8621-1942E25CE943","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"76f3a8886ad434fdf89224d3845f23b9f8c548fa","datavalue":{"value":"W2335558286","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$ED16E6E3-89CE-451E-9B16-65D096A02790","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"7b869f29bb2fa14b4adb2b4e5f310642f9a7bd17","datavalue":{"value":"Q56083005","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q582386$ADC91A47-A53D-4460-BB8D-A3743F9A5A04","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c5fb2afde5b82d90ba8d6d00dbf3aa534acc74be","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3360374,"id":"Q3360374"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ca3e2e1e7b9b5760496f7e2e718ef878d170df3c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.89289844","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$D5F8EDF9-9AA4-4A20-B51D-793264582BBF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"73d7299dc0df70fdbe7a4c3706739cc1aa8465e6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3698994,"id":"Q3698994"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8bfec9dc11f3fea8865a47a1e4c366fc5becf76b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7621993","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$F58A278B-9080-4845-946E-964E25E69033","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4fc0358f705a9430cec7e3e9cba5c235f70aa0e6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2269654,"id":"Q2269654"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"84c91f7b246d63d6abff8d493c200312fa1b84e1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.73076993","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$73534AAC-7DAB-4485-BE8D-03CFF7AD9A70","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cdb498cb6c675ea7b8f7a251d8cd010907b11a6c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4317745,"id":"Q4317745"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6e8f5d7ee8c65020e7992a65b17a69403e8ad5c4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.71031886","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$F475E254-DE2B-477C-9706-85F266260815","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"97d4c67eae5929b76053243f24b54e948c4e5db8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4827600,"id":"Q4827600"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"794987ea20455b16f6eb736259ad63dd2863735c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69276726","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$AF358213-93CD-4525-A32A-81C93C312962","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3c2326bade7bb4352b1524f10810b3f6e8612b26","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4435413,"id":"Q4435413"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"57209f23debff6d8be452878cf37ec3874232026","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6884068","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$E0FE6F55-B47F-4522-9335-EEAAC54B1A7F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"70f10ff96e41704191cc53342c2618b538da5232","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2498860,"id":"Q2498860"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8ce2a411d1bd25fb578297ed4fbe33d681482dde","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6848822","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$0366AC1C-B94B-46D8-A930-271007993428","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"67598c88bb827ab6fee6fa0e0fc82b81ed60d1da","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3840447,"id":"Q3840447"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"aa3691e96fff23831228ad6245f865eed3471b17","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67552876","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$D717277E-DD54-42D9-9846-F8334D6B59B4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2a0d7981c0c0a5e030852df7c9dd3574fac63a6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3655886,"id":"Q3655886"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"55e92a2d9868ec0819ab4481e214aa86a040df06","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6709306","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$9B9BD661-3ACD-45BA-B0B3-53FD3A116C93","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ee32f2cf318debac8f484af2126f7f913a84b818","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4863322,"id":"Q4863322"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1b539b7d026c613cea83797c38126176f3e5b1bd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67092276","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q582386$171597CA-6EF0-4354-BCD1-10BE1070A4FF","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"A uniqueness proof for the Monster","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/A_uniqueness_proof_for_the_Monster"}}}}}