{"entities":{"Q5935360":{"pageid":8112162,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q5935360","lastrevid":47626801,"modified":"2026-01-02T06:21:29Z","type":"item","id":"Q5935360","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Possible line sums for a qualitative matrix"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1610097"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$23606191-CB75-4E40-B7C3-E22BB5728487","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"f4a5ab74b83c4f2e9718bec434209ae353aea316","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Possible line sums for a qualitative matrix","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$088174B8-910C-4EAD-97B1-A254BFC83DAA","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"35f9a00704fc5cc8d3c6ae430817c69e15a31097","datavalue":{"value":"0978.15012","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$CBCADD41-B160-4ADE-9F31-395EBC7C6705","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"1c42e04fcda1a8239d5644908e49e6837fa41b3e","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/S0024-3795(00)00306-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$0C1F0ECB-36B5-42D4-81E4-1F787471E5DB","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"724d52ce519c798277681501ab8bdf35fe7a71da","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":171520,"id":"Q171520"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$16A07E12-5197-4A5A-925A-F681020D3365","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ba905735427f3355424e1a2ba220b179ecc470c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":184473,"id":"Q184473"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$6157B072-1A22-4D24-85F8-C61FB97B7B93","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ce5e1a929e8f52d52568cd4fde910c2e3b13fded","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":184474,"id":"Q184474"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$1673776C-3173-4716-A8A5-9D603FF128D2","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"8de031de05325b44570d0c47c3ec8813873d565c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":92813,"id":"Q92813"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$263697E4-34E3-419F-92C3-7C9671FB83B8","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"40834eeaab6f40b525be3b6e4320da95af2d0dcb","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2002-01-18T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$D91B5D2F-4492-4275-A085-588B2B55CC54","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"bac883d785667a63a92fc8927c00d4d1184f1321","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590084,"id":"Q590084"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$35E35715-C54E-407C-A750-A974B6550F7B","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8ae725184e1961ef7947145f98520e745bd9a62c","datavalue":{"value":"15A29","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$8DDB5012-166E-4DA0-94D2-3EBD31D6C874","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5d4d6be26ff78fafc2c65a75e2557fd6ee25f535","datavalue":{"value":"1610097","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$3799A22F-8B7B-4E0C-A9FF-887F6EEC9174","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1f0df87f87e0eb273632fd767f5d3ef6ea12a7dc","datavalue":{"value":"qualitative matrix","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$EC03CDB5-B336-43F8-A0AD-BDB80AF292F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2cd4dbe380dc98eb47c3b05d253ca156c1ba0058","datavalue":{"value":"line sums","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$2D340395-0EAD-4AA4-ABD4-946578E4FC0A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7dac94ea8b998335bdfd42b2faeb29c448cc4f8f","datavalue":{"value":"sign pattern matrix","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$51C6409C-F16F-4F1A-8F12-75235F06343C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6f78ad336d5e5c2e381437cb457b9fde37e3f4f7","datavalue":{"value":"network flows","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$36D9D659-BA35-46B4-86E3-56BAFA900426","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$664C630F-AE71-4466-8796-20B9E815E854","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"beafd09c79dfa9f43f527c7e484481f6934843d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3056948,"id":"Q3056948"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$920DE04D-552C-41EC-8FE1-B1B4C8FC16A8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b1cfa5670bb33bd26f916c90ebb77994689fee6c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5537710,"id":"Q5537710"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$54221188-5466-4939-A70D-0C17F0D36059","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f65538fd9946d6df0cd6c1f809a144da41b8a003","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3943082,"id":"Q3943082"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$05EA44F1-F949-4F61-AE8B-CF3EF6040035","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a9edbe314cc452136818896ac28a90f45de9ab39","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2550433,"id":"Q2550433"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$9E22187F-72B4-45D4-9EA7-9A98A88EF42B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"93b5dd3aaaa97e784ccc6acc1a567e057de94528","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3274170,"id":"Q3274170"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$7E9A66F4-F5AA-4AF3-A2FF-EFAD8A4E4C14","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2d043a3b611eadf5957a4d072acd96a66e67e924","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1567547,"id":"Q1567547"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$A3D18372-5916-47E2-BDAD-C5995D326F97","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"328c8827213ce38aa82f8cf2e3c012b212295c3b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5537711,"id":"Q5537711"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$388F0AFE-D16B-40A9-BC7A-90F5B1D2D31D","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"775414c43d56a15d55c00b1bed00d4ac737f3e66","datavalue":{"value":"For any real \\(m\\times n\\) matrix \\(B\\) we can associate an \\(m\\times n\\) matrix \\(A\\) called the sign pattern matrix whose \\((i,j)\\)th entry is \\(+,-\\) or \\(0\\) depending on whether the \\((i,j)\\)th entry of \\(B\\) is positive, negative or zero. The authors consider the following problem (P): if we are given real values \\(r_{1},\\dots ,r_{m}\\) and \\(c_{1},\\dots ,c_{n}\\), for which sign pattern matrices \\(A\\) does there exist an \\(m\\times n\\) matrix \\(B\\) with these row and column sums and sign pattern \\(A\\)? In the special case where the entries of \\(A\\) are all \\(+\\) or \\(0\\) the problem (P) was solved by \\textit{R. A. Brualdi} [Can. J. Math. 20, 144-157 (1968; Zbl 0155.06501)], but the general problem seems to be more subtle. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn order that any matrix \\(B\\) have the given row and column sums it is necessary that (1): \\(\\sum_{i}r_{i}=\\sum_{j}c_{j}\\). Now let \\(\\{\\alpha_{1}, \\alpha_{2}\\}\\) be a partition of the set of row indices \\(\\{ 1,2,\\dots ,m\\} \\) and \\(\\{ \\beta_{1},\\beta_{2}\\} \\) be a partition of the column indices \\(\\{ 1,2,\\dots ,n\\} \\), and define \\(A[\\alpha_{i}|\\beta_{j}]\\) to be the submatrix of \\(A\\) with rows in \\(\\alpha_{i}\\) and columns in \\(\\beta_{j}\\). Suppose that \\(A\\) is a sign pattern matrix for some matrix \\(B\\) with the given row and column sums. Then it may be verified that (2): if all entries in \\(A[\\alpha_{1}|\\beta_{1}]\\) are \\(+\\) or \\(0\\) and all entries of \\(A[\\alpha_{2}|\\beta_{2}]\\) are \\(-\\) or \\(0,\\) then \\(\\sum_{i\\in \\alpha_{1}}r_{i}\\geq\\sum_{j\\in\\beta_{2}}c_{j}\\) and \\(\\sum_{j\\in\\beta_{1}} c_{j}\\geq\\sum_{i\\in\\alpha_{2}}r_{i}\\) with equality only when both the submatrices are \\(0\\). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe main theorem of the paper is to prove that, conversely, if both (1) and (2) hold (for all partitions \\(\\{ \\alpha_{1}, \\alpha_{2}\\} \\) and \\(\\{ \\beta_{1},\\beta_{2}\\} \\)) then there is a matrix \\(B\\) with the prescribed row and column sums and sign pattern matrix \\(A\\). A main step in the proof consists of reducing (P) to an equivalent problem in network flows.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5935360$704729D7-9431-41CF-93E3-422318F32281","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"68e2570948647dd8e4622b3e131962077749df38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2760994,"id":"Q2760994"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b169dd824a97ea074986323f512d3b1687a563a3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8178420662879944","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5935360$391CDAE5-CEEA-4765-AE6D-F2D595D72F09","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c645ffa48d652917b58a67e74fb506e32a45a6b9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1369346,"id":"Q1369346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"61ad2674d74b472f00ecf11bfe6ea9ee416edcc0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8116335868835449","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5935360$9125D518-19A7-400C-B0BD-68C1B30FE41F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f1813f85a41c4d24d3b375704eb4df663887c822","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1336428,"id":"Q1336428"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"713ad7ee7d3c4171279287c566d63ccebd826757","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8115884065628052","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5935360$EBFAF647-E698-4407-B15E-2D386BB92791","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cb71a70c053f84b2d8ff1826f8a69d79a8274c30","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1567547,"id":"Q1567547"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3ad5748e12d01ad849dfc931b3a0abde8dfaa825","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8094194531440735","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5935360$8B9AC46A-21E2-490D-A2B2-709EA1A2A381","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f5a0b2b937732740cd9efd3fcb4f30886380759d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3832693,"id":"Q3832693"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2be32546ec5b72e71e1d7165b49409dcc10d2377","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7946287989616394","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5935360$305497A6-F613-4120-A77F-E7B3A01C951F","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:5935360","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:5935360"}}}}}