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In 1972, \\textit{R. H. Fox} [Fundam. Math. 74, 47-71 (1972; Zbl 0232.55023)] has generalized this result to a classification theorem for overlay structures over an arbitrary connected metric space by replacing \\(\\pi_1(Y,*)\\) with the appropriate shape-theoretic notion, i.e., with the fundamental progroup \\(\\underline\\pi_1(Y,*)\\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn the present paper, the authors generalize Fox's result to connected topological spaces. Let \\(f:X\\to Y\\) be a covering mapping with \\(({\\mathcal A},{\\mathcal B})\\) a covering pair and \\({\\mathcal A}=( A^\\sigma_B, B\\in{\\mathcal B},\\sigma\\in S)\\). One supposes that \\(Y\\) is a connected space. In this case if \\(\\text{card} (f^{-1}(y))= \\text{card} (S)=s\\), it is said that \\(f\\) is an \\(s\\)-sheeted covering mapping and that \\(({\\mathcal A},{\\mathcal B})\\) is an \\(s\\)-sheeted covering pair. An \\(s\\)-sheeted covering pair \\(({\\mathcal A},{\\mathcal B})\\) for \\(f:X\\to Y\\) is said to be an overlay pair for \\(f\\) provided \\({\\mathcal B}\\) is a normal covering and the following additional condition is fulfilled:NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIf \\(B,B'\\in {\\mathcal B}\\) and \\(B\\cap B'\\neq 0\\), then every \\(\\sigma\\in S\\) admits a unique \\(\\sigma'\\in S\\) such that \\(A^\\sigma_B \\cap A^{\\sigma'}_{B'}\\neq \\emptyset\\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEA mapping \\(f:X\\to Y\\) between topological spaces is said to be an overlay mapping provided it admits an overlay pair. A mapping of pointed spaces \\(f:(X,*)\\to (Y,*)\\) is a pointed covering mapping (pointed overlay mapping) if \\(f:X \\to Y\\) is a covering (overlay) mapping. If \\(({\\mathcal A},{\\mathcal B})\\) and \\(({\\mathcal A}', {\\mathcal B}')\\) are \\(s\\)-sheeted covering (overlay) pairs for \\(f\\) it is said that the first pair refines the second one, written \\(({\\mathcal A},{\\mathcal B})\\leq({\\mathcal A}',{\\mathcal B}')\\), provided, for every \\(B\\in{\\mathcal B}\\) there exists a \\(B'\\in {\\mathcal B}'\\) such that \\(B\\subseteq B'\\) and for every \\(\\sigma\\in S\\), there exists a \\(\\sigma'\\in S\\) such that \\(A^\\sigma_B\\subseteq A'{}^{\\sigma'}_{B'}\\). Then two covering (overlay) pairs for \\(f\\) are equivalent provided they can be connected by a finite chain of covering (overlay) pairs for \\(f\\), \\(({\\mathcal A}_i, {\\mathcal B}_i)\\), \\(i=1,\\dots,n\\), where for any two consecutive pairs one of the pairs refines the other one. Then a covering structure (overlay structure) \\([{\\mathcal A},{\\mathcal B}]\\) for a covering (overlay) mapping \\(f\\) is an equivalence class of covering (overlay) pairs \\(({\\mathcal A}, {\\mathcal B})\\) for \\(f\\). A covering structure (overlay structure) over a space \\(Y\\) is a covering (overlay) structure for some mapping \\(f:X\\to Y\\). If \\(f':X'\\to Y\\) is another covering (overlay) mapping over the same space \\(Y\\) and \\([{\\mathcal A}', {\\mathcal B}']\\) is a covering (overlay) structure for \\(f'\\), is said that the two structures are equivalent if there exists a homeomorphism \\(\\varphi: X\\to X'\\) such that \\(f'\\varphi=f\\) and the covering (overlay) structure \\([ \\varphi^{-1} ({\\mathcal A}'),{\\mathcal B}']\\) coincides with \\([{\\mathcal A},{\\mathcal B}]\\). In the same way one defines pointed equivalence of structure of pointed mappings \\(f:(X,*)\\to (Y,*)\\). The notion of overlay structure was introduced by \\textit{T. T. Moore} [Fundam. Math. 99, 205-211 (1978; Zbl 0401.57005)] which exhibited examples of overlay mappings which admit different overlay structures. He also noticed that Fox has actually classified overlay structures and not overlay mappings. Now, using ANR-resolutions, an important technique introduced by \\textit{S. Marde\u0161i\u0107} [Lect. Notes Math. 870, 239-252 (1981; Zbl 0479.54005)] and \\textit{P. Mrozik}'s characterization of overlay mappings as pull-backs of covering mappings over ANRs [Glas. Mat., III. Ser. 28, No. 2, 209-226 (1993; Zbl 0809.18002)], the authors of this paper prove the following classification theorems:NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1. For a pointed connected topological space \\((Y,*)\\) there exists a bijection between the set of all pointed equivalence classes of \\(s\\)-sheeted indecomposable pointed overlay structures of mappings \\(f:(X,*)\\to (Y,*)\\) and the set of all subgroups of index \\(s\\) of the fundamental progroups \\(\\underline\\pi_1 (Y, *)\\). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINETheorem 3. For a pointed connected topological space \\((Y,*)\\) there exists a bijection between the set of all pointed equivalence classes of indecomposable \\(s\\)-sheeted overlay structures over \\((Y,*)\\) and the set of all pointed conjugacy classes of transitive representations of the fundamental progroup \\(\\underline\\pi_1(Y,*)\\) in the symmetric group \\(\\Sigma(S)\\) with \\(\\text{card} (S)= s\\). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINETheorem 4. For a pointed connected topological space \\(Y\\) there exists a bijection between the set of all equivalence classes of \\(s\\)-sheeted indecomposable overlay structures over \\(Y\\) and the set of all conjugacy classes of subprogroups of index \\(s\\) of the fundamental progroup \\(\\underline\\pi_1(Y,*)\\), where \\(*\\) is an arbitrarily chosen point of \\(Y\\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn addition, the authors exhibit a nice example of a mapping with different overlay structure. Finally, in the well-known style of first author, results on the subject obtained by other authors are in detail discussed: \\textit{R. H. Fox} [op.cit.], \\textit{P. Mrozik} [op. cit.], \\textit{\u015e. Ko\u00e7ak} [Note Math. 10, No. 2, 355-362 (1990; Zbl 0772.55008)] and \\textit{L. J. Hern\u00e1ndez-Paricio} [Fundam. Math. 156, No. 1, 1-31 (1998; Zbl 0906.55008)].","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5936531$A1D1FA56-C607-4D5A-B27A-31E183DB499B","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:5936531","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:5936531"}}}}}