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authors summarize some results obtained by L. Berwald, M. Matsumoto and others. It is known that the graphs \\(y= f(x)\\) of any second order ordinary differential equation \\(y'' = \\Phi(x,y, y')\\) can be realized as geodesics of some Finsler metric on a domain of \\(\\mathbb{R}^2\\). Since Finsler metrics having the same geodesics as point sets are pointwise projectively equivalent, one can conclude that any second order ordinary differential equation is associated with a projective equivalence of Finsler metrics. Therefore, a differential equation \\(y'' =\\Phi(x,y, y')\\) can be reduced to \\(d^2 \\bar{y}/d\\bar{x}^2=0\\) by a change of variables \\((x,y)\\to (\\bar{x}, \\bar{y})\\) if and only if any associated Finsler metric is projectively flat.NEWLINENEWLINEThe Douglas tensor is a projective invariant, thus if a metric in the associated projective equivalence class is of Douglas type, then every metric in this projective equivalence class is of Douglas type. An interesting fact is that \\(\\Phi(x,y,y')\\) is a polynomial in \\(y'\\) of degree at most three if and only if any associated Finsler metric is of Douglas type. The above results are due to \\textit{L. Berwald} [Ann. Math. (2) 48, 193--215 (1947; Zbl 0029.16602)]. Given a Finsler metric \\( L =L(x,y; u, v)\\), let \\( A(x,y, z):=L(x,y; 1, z)\\). The geodesic \\(y= f(x)\\) of \\(L\\) satisfies the equation \\(y'' =\\Phi(x,y, y')\\) where NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE \\Phi(x,y, z):= \\frac{ A_y - A_{xz} -A_{yz} z }{ A_{zz} }.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Thus \\(L\\) is of Douglas type if and only if \\( \\Phi\\) is a polynomial in \\(z\\) of degree at most three, or equivalently, the fourth order derivative satisfies \\(\\Phi_{zzzz}= 0\\). The authors give an explicit formula for this equation.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5939014$312C1874-1DEC-44BB-A146-F827A6323946","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"199d7fe4bdc544d464d7d0c3697491e29248afcf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5479985,"id":"Q5479985"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8bcb2f8d2a8b793962b4a99075af2d66a83564ca","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8051390647888184","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5939014$E56B96BF-B878-48C2-9510-795923C1352F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7ca815858408ab5e15f51ace4935a9146573fd56","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2763763,"id":"Q2763763"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d093cb8c023be634a82c8a4cf0f86bdc6b622fac","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.800317645072937","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5939014$690DE220-9689-4DA3-83E7-B74C45881AA7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d6173583a3743bf9853de282d811869694109c55","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3160295,"id":"Q3160295"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d093cb8c023be634a82c8a4cf0f86bdc6b622fac","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.800317645072937","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5939014$859FCD99-5537-4AD7-9770-8E6DC9BDAB2A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a4be0ff4371ff2a36d143c0d42e7da1cdfe28691","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2404066,"id":"Q2404066"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f2cbf38b63b9333682f9cb131483b30ac9e4cf20","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7988700270652771","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5939014$2FA5CC3A-7661-4E04-94B3-7DCD73457F95","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:5939014","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:5939014"}}}}}