{"entities":{"Q5940446":{"pageid":8117248,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q5940446","lastrevid":58633467,"modified":"2026-04-06T02:39:32Z","type":"item","id":"Q5940446","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Transformations on the set of all \\(n\\)-dimensional subspaces of a Hilbert space preserving principal angles"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1631837"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$17936930-5C19-4890-BCF1-CCEE47062717","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"8fda588a6300bc03fbf5c58fe46fe587a38e47f5","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Transformations on the set of all \\(n\\)-dimensional subspaces of a Hilbert space preserving principal angles","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$F2B6EB3F-1DE5-4005-83BC-CDE79595E104","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"13d5fde9d7695b901da2182e8feebf2dcdbbef84","datavalue":{"value":"1026.81006","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$5AA14396-9FCC-4C87-9168-5557FFFA8745","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"fae5a4123801ce26dd6bc2843b8cdf013a9a192e","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/PL00005551","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$BAC94CC1-7DB4-4F27-94B0-4E93547D402B","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"b50f256002550a9e8815d5981fd1f8d3e700f67a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":196323,"id":"Q196323"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$3B82A588-1155-4C69-B7B7-6226376870BB","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"74062a62bcb16497befde51af6dcf546af6addde","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":192672,"id":"Q192672"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$F48C6C2D-9B43-44BB-9CFD-D105C6BF64D3","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"09811d42eddac0306570884e48501ce7068fc838","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2001-08-09T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$BCD27346-E40D-4CCB-A541-BDD3CE48791E","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"e3e0d0618a3ef11eef774e8482455b411ec0c837","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0011029","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$92441882-58F4-49E7-852F-2D7CA14374DB","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"85d31806c71d8e087f2b19201987ae1ead9d0131","datavalue":{"value":"Wigner's theorem on angle-preserving transformations on the set of 1-dimensional subspaces of a Hilbert space \\({\\mathcal H}\\) says that such transformations are induced by an unitary or antiunitary operator on \\({\\mathcal H}\\). The first complete proof was published by \\textit{V. Bargmann} [J. Math. Phys. 5, 862-868 (1964; Zbl 0141.23205)]. The author extends Wigner's theorem to sets of subspaces of higher dimension. Further generalizations in different directions are given by the author in [J. Math. Phys. 40, 5544-5554 (1999; Zbl 0953.46030), Commun. Math. Phys. 201, 785-791 (2000; Zbl 0957.46016) and Int. J. Theor. Phys. 39, 1463-1466 (2000; Zbl 1090.46510)].   In the paper under review he considers real or complex Hilbert spaces \\({\\mathcal H}\\), sets of projections \\(P_r({\\mathcal H})\\) of rank \\(r\\in\\mathbb{N}\\cup\\{\\infty\\}\\), and angle-preserving transformations \\(\\Phi: P_r({\\mathcal H})\\to P_r({\\mathcal H})\\). His main results are:   (1) If \\(\\dim{\\mathcal H}=\\infty\\), \\(r\\in\\mathbb{N}\\), \\(r> 1\\), any such \\(\\Phi\\) has the form \\(\\Phi(P)= VPV^*\\), \\(P\\in P_r({\\mathcal H})\\) for some linear or conjugate-linear isometry \\(V\\) on \\({\\mathcal H}\\).   (2) If (a) \\(\\dim{\\mathcal H}=\\infty\\), \\(r=\\infty\\), or (b) \\(\\dim{\\mathcal H}\\in\\mathbb{N}\\), \\(r> 1\\) and \\(r\\neq{1\\over 2}\\dim{\\mathcal H}\\), then \\(\\Phi\\) has the form \\(\\Phi(P)= UPU^*\\), \\(P\\in P_r({\\mathcal H})\\) for some unitary or antiunitary operator \\(U\\) on \\({\\mathcal H}\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$9D965FF6-F814-45FB-86EA-9ED5C1808988","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"adec00be824bd247cdea1af83bd0dad28a9541c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":588356,"id":"Q588356"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$0FCE88DF-6EC6-41A3-AB7D-D8ECDB9EBD70","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"572048f4de56b44bb85ac973ae26b10de9340139","datavalue":{"value":"81P10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$4CD99F68-3A7F-4AFE-BBC8-111A0BCF3EF2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5f375690657d8df70ed592cbd698fa64b5681fa7","datavalue":{"value":"47A99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$9EC24F38-6F45-43B1-B1AC-2BC180BA5D92","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"755e7aa36816bfd9af87874c1ec6fc057a595484","datavalue":{"value":"47N50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$A00BA966-75A9-421A-AC62-AFF458148E83","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"17a7c8e946534f3c5fc663e24a0c9950eba0af47","datavalue":{"value":"81R15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$C336575C-EDF9-4C30-88AE-9D7B27C64479","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"37d47921a58c85c2a107636e2df4b5e33bf07bbe","datavalue":{"value":"03G12","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$0C8385E7-3A58-493F-8598-0B7E762898DB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"95fdc38b9beeb1cbbfac2975717b64e2e1dcd94f","datavalue":{"value":"81P05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$EBE2B19F-9A43-4400-AF75-D24A6F3F9FFC","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"871fdafa44fbf1d8526aec0126da13f662d7f52c","datavalue":{"value":"1631837","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$7FEFEFC6-9067-4185-BB6F-0D500D9D30DC","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b201da45ec6717d9d779ecefb2248ed45dc073d3","datavalue":{"value":"Wigner-Bargmann theorem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$437902D7-DE2E-4D4A-A59E-5C8E035C8ED1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"32a3ee35afbf9924340d84de4cb4fd19f48d7901","datavalue":{"value":"symmetry transformations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$76EC1605-4F93-4124-9793-941036899723","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5bee13be39949722a1d5df892cbbba45cb6a7b7f","datavalue":{"value":"homomorphisms of quantum logics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$B72FE345-3D3B-4C66-A7A2-4C75AF7B015A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"30d3c868883593bc600dd49f00aaf928129d9811","datavalue":{"value":"linear isometries","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$C05FD9E1-3829-48F0-9675-57A2B1C5CB13","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ede46f2a14aeef6109852b5fbe871271c8e9d562","datavalue":{"value":"anti-linear isometrics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$4E33FAD9-AFAA-47FF-BBCE-BED78D468D46","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$F25882B2-83ED-499F-995F-F8CA5267ADDD","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"5f65b587d9cf61c9ccb6773ea5386ebb4977aee8","datavalue":{"value":"W3100704234","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5940446$7D4BC994-86A7-4C11-85E3-00CB7CD811C7","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a1577d85bd3afd0b125b20638e3c5aa28b41f735","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3023578,"id":"Q3023578"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"71dba8e46318928d82ac1ad6139dbee587f5be1b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8950321078300476","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5940446$21DA007D-D7E7-4F9D-B1A7-88ED3FA34F76","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7ec109e07378f33b64911c1b83657dae26c9d1d7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1684704,"id":"Q1684704"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2b9c20fe73aa0618b56789480211de027327622d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.85771644115448","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5940446$3DA8EB77-7D9A-4ADB-9971-A2D93394A3DD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c1a24f9c338a1dba6e358cf8ff08f7af31695a28","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3522319,"id":"Q3522319"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"cd0fef4ff435bdba185698e418a5dd5120b19530","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8485192060470581","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5940446$33A9533B-25B5-469B-A8FD-1A7B3DB57811","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6be392304041a3572de0277b3a0c7cf660fe0e4d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1765979,"id":"Q1765979"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"198bf323a3d790884b3dfb871763dd5cd4dff3e0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8465943932533264","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5940446$B6423A80-10BC-4F71-8042-94B2EB7B4924","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bd4053ccae6ea98f228848bd26d2aa15b926edec","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2426155,"id":"Q2426155"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"989c46f83870ffd03b95a94fd2067a0308baf49b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8375924229621887","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5940446$C2F49719-2E1C-4715-956B-742B660F6A2D","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:5940446","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:5940446"}}}}}