{"entities":{"Q5944968":{"pageid":8121770,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q5944968","lastrevid":58624500,"modified":"2026-04-06T01:40:24Z","type":"item","id":"Q5944968","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The distribution of spacings between the fractional parts of \\(n^2\\alpha\\)"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1655740"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$51FB30AA-B6BD-4133-89F6-7DF4BAFACA59","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"dd45480a918132f83572a4dad3cbca357f3a3524","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The distribution of spacings between the fractional parts of \\(n^2\\alpha\\)","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$F77E9C54-0846-4A3E-9FBF-5F804A816578","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"1c22a36ce0e2b6861e32d3774812aeb56b8340fe","datavalue":{"value":"1006.11041","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$F3EA2BAD-7A38-4C48-92DE-69BF71591523","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"83df909ac0738575acbb739133316559ffd883cc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":916788,"id":"Q916788"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$F07218FA-94EE-47FE-82D5-E52A329E413E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"2fb3efc1b176c7169f7654b4c46edbc8bd805500","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1061767,"id":"Q1061767"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$449535E4-3BDC-4188-B3C8-1AF3DDBFC535","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ccd80c4f8a7c88a4bd018de319af16d97fbbd474","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":177021,"id":"Q177021"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$36A43038-3759-45A4-BDCA-4E45CFF60EC3","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"78c924ab2a87a282c80efa85079613d2f7e99dd9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":163162,"id":"Q163162"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$CE720C25-48AB-4136-896F-5683A3C3982B","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"fa6c5bf0167337f1e3ec9673504a68dce1d7b0d2","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2002-10-20T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$85565FEB-90EC-4769-BAB7-FD002E2499A5","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"6033b056d61e1f774b0ad80b67cf8658f0932e17","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0002139","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$0D9EF1F5-8A37-466D-9437-BB8445A66AC2","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"d1e49e6b5c8206d5acfd84d0fcb397f37474c553","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\alpha\\) be an irrational number. The problem of the distribution of the local spacings between the members of the sequence \\(n^{2}\\alpha\\) mod \\(1, 1 \\leq n \\leq N\\) arises in the study of the local spacing distributions between the eigenvalues of special Hamiltonians. Denote by \\(0 \\leq \\beta_{1} \\leq \\beta_{2}\\leq \\dots \\leq \\beta_{N} < 1, \\beta_{N+j}= \\beta_{j}\\) an ordering of the numbers \\(n^{2}\\alpha\\) mod \\(1.\\) The \\(k\\)th consecutive spacing measure is defined by  \\[ \\mu_{k}(N,\\alpha): = \\frac{1}{N}\\sum^{N}_{j=1}\\delta_{N(\\beta_{j+k}-\\beta_{j})}, \\]  where \\(\\delta_{x}\\) is a unit delta mass at \\(x.\\) The problem is to understand the behavior of these measures as \\(N \\to \\infty\\) and their dependence on the Diophantine approximations to \\(\\alpha.\\)    The authors in particular investigate the Poissonian property of the corresponding correlations. Poissonian in this sense implies that as far as local spacings go, the numbers behave randomly. A typical result is as follows: Let \\(\\alpha \\in \\mathbb{R}.\\) Suppose there are infinitely many rationals \\(b_{j}/q_{j},\\) with \\(q_{j}\\) prime, satisfying  \\[ \\left|\\alpha - \\frac{b_{j}}{q_{j}}\\right|< \\frac{1}{q^{3}_{j}}. \\]  Then there is a subsequence \\(N_{j}\\to \\infty\\) with \\(\\frac{\\log N_{j}}{\\log q_{j}}\\to 1\\) for which \\(n^{2}\\alpha\\) mod \\(1\\) is Poissonian along this subsequence. Furthermore the authors formulate the following    Conjecture: If \\(\\alpha\\) is of approximation type \\(2+ \\varepsilon\\) for every \\(\\varepsilon > 0\\) and the convergents \\(\\frac{a}{q}\\) to \\(\\alpha\\) satisfy \\(\\lim_{q\\to\\infty} \\frac{\\log \\tilde{q}}{\\log q}= 1,\\) where \\(\\tilde{q}\\) is the square free part of \\(q,\\) then \\(n^{2}\\alpha\\) mod \\(1\\) is Poissonian.    The conjecture is true for almost all \\(\\alpha\\) (in the sense of Lebesgue measure) and for real algebraic \\(\\alpha\\) (provided that the \\(abc\\)-conjecture holds).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$7E7AC77D-3682-49D3-AB53-347FAA616338","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"bf4743f5967bc42c7e3dc5b47222de4722471bb2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":180914,"id":"Q180914"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$289287ED-BA28-43ED-A09D-0F53A6648644","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3f11e38b6f13ca4b029ac8b24be9156bc78adde9","datavalue":{"value":"11K06","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$E62CA6CD-8907-427B-8C4B-864BC0E4EF55","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"b15d5a4d0b7ed25582c7f3c2291b707c945dcf36","datavalue":{"value":"1655740","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$0DFC2A54-B3A9-41C6-A48E-4511D30234B2","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"271bc19f946eaf86b9bff1dfdf94f32ae871316b","datavalue":{"value":"local spacing distributions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$3359F2DA-AB90-4E65-9A6B-077A6C5B9ABC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6244bfb152cc5ffe7d7e876664d6c3c8f8ef1d08","datavalue":{"value":"Poissonian property","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$9A1F1012-0D19-483D-B164-79860FAAD5C6","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$541A7815-066B-4F56-858B-827A69F1B17D","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"5a101ceed1e2367064ee5adc7d57e7fdb259e3b7","datavalue":{"value":"W2072952670","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$3A83339D-5153-4AC5-AE14-39E43C068AB0","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"fb34a0f6d53ee7329bb65f206f136bb550215a4a","datavalue":{"value":"Q110907794","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$D9616A3B-5D63-43CE-BD7C-DC4570BD1BE6","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"939447a44ba68df66646295c7334c5df5f409285","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S002220100141","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5944968$15D316F7-1502-450E-B7E0-42BCAFB3450C","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"935ff178f1ad2a2b3f76ebd25ded09d7517a5a4f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5089497,"id":"Q5089497"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"02df1416ad0b3461b2d99e608acd601b92314873","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8663834929466248","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5944968$25DDC50E-F49A-4262-AD6A-C0F229A4099A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e8eeb850a209cf62297d802dba0963409e5659d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1974964,"id":"Q1974964"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"43f58b1bcdb3cdfba91b1ce603f98de7e2e2637d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8344357013702393","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5944968$ED6B1803-7874-4038-A5DE-6D4369450708","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b7298ebfba94c6bb6d861a6ed2a10353aadad864","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4793740,"id":"Q4793740"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"169c082bac2437020a22b7f1f3eaf6063507eb29","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8026536703109741","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5944968$7124E55F-E90E-44E3-8DEB-1158578CBD97","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0cea5e87d386e5e916ae7578a01b3a7f7c6793bf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3559974,"id":"Q3559974"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3a7af1b85ec182f47dff929b99fbb646e2141d3a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8019976019859314","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5944968$9CA84EDF-383F-43CC-B50D-695D63A50300","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a71140d6c3b58b3542c89fd5095dc11711c3a3df","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5932019,"id":"Q5932019"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4021c003dd1ecff86e195a518973a095ddd5fea8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8019273281097412","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5944968$73898BD1-4E1A-411B-A17D-4433F9694672","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:5944968","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:5944968"}}}}}