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There are many variations and generalizations of this problem, and the literature contains a large number of Positivstellens\u00e4tze and Nichtnegativstellens\u00e4tze that provide answers. The authors study whether and how orderings and preorderings of higher level can be used to recognize positive polynomials. A preordering is said to be of higher level \\(n\\) if it contains all \\(2n\\)th powers in the ring. A valuation fan in a field is tame if it is contained in a total order. Order fans are valuation fans and are always tame; every tame valuation fan is an intersection of order fans. Tame preorderings are intersections of tame valuation fans. These notions are extended to rings with preorderings. A Positivstellensatz and a Nichtnegativstellensatz are proved for a ring with a tame preordering of higher level.   Any preordering \\(T\\) of the ring \\(A\\) can be extended to the preordering \\(T_1=\\bigcap\\alpha\\) where \\(\\alpha\\) varies in the real spectrum of \\((A,T)\\). Under suitable hypotheses, a tame preordering \\(T\\) of some level \\(n\\) is Archimedean if and only if the extended preordering \\(T_1\\) is Archimedean. A Positivstellensatz is proved in case \\(T\\) is a tame preordering for which \\(T_1\\) is Archimedean. If \\(A\\) is an affine algebra over a subfield \\(K\\) of the real numbers, \\textit{K. Schm\u00fcdgen's} Positivstellensatz [The \\(K\\)-moment problem for compact semi-algebraic sets, Math. Ann. 289, No. 2, 203--206 (1991; Zbl 0744.44008)] is extended to preorderings of higher level. The polynomials that are positive definite on an arbitrary intersection of sets \\(S(f)\\) are characterized in terms of tame 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