{"entities":{"Q5951547":{"pageid":8128349,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q5951547","lastrevid":47718349,"modified":"2026-01-02T12:44:42Z","type":"item","id":"Q5951547","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Rate of growth of hypercyclic entire functions"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1686139"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$DD401A0E-3CAB-43CE-968B-BED7CEBE33B6","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"bc33b0bcf57b479fd95182bd741191cb4766acc9","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Rate of growth of hypercyclic entire functions","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$8B1C778B-46A8-4ED6-B12E-3EC8A88B64C7","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"8866b06264261684164f0387a344e32e886dab46","datavalue":{"value":"1032.47007","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$13D80651-4C6A-4DB6-8506-6678B3EB038E","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"31505f5d5e2c04ad4224f3a4f9086b48a2d93fe2","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/S0019-3577(00)80025-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$3A51BB6C-52EA-4352-B1DB-F629C364A43A","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"dcdcbe6b12fb977976041fcd5cda80a4642df1ff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":220764,"id":"Q220764"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$93456737-E05F-4EEA-95C9-0C3DAD8D5A42","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"2e359c0e985e9b5bac2c1d59359dad9dfd6f494d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":174755,"id":"Q174755"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$59FDD216-44F2-449C-98DE-93EEFBE0615B","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"5f1285207007c5de1da6998ba639fea3c05ca661","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2003-03-18T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$FA130A6F-ECA9-4A53-BF4E-06F714CFB5F2","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"2cecb7a3fc735c6df6990acc6dbcec599da0dfd7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":489073,"id":"Q489073"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$C2CA362F-0ED4-4AF8-95E7-4123A26C157F","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"a500b0ba6c4bd750d4e4b31fb493c7d855396014","datavalue":{"value":"47A16","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$B1EACD73-6A53-4314-9123-FC8EA963DA43","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"f670d632904c9672974d53f5aa1117394a6838fa","datavalue":{"value":"1686139","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$A88F8B19-2057-4B82-97A8-C9EA3ED908B6","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$DA456E43-0CD5-4D97-BC6E-C70E29F7C256","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"83f24d84269c296aa567c521784cf1596cc4fcea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4716641,"id":"Q4716641"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$60116F1A-45E4-48E4-BD1C-782E70B7806C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"77b99b9a43716a27fd12b82b83c7751339ab6cfa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1269655,"id":"Q1269655"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$7CB03034-71EE-4507-93FE-F70BBDC8B6BD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"533a735bc913236cb19f412b196ebdbe2371e32f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4946301,"id":"Q4946301"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$2BB66D7D-C2D9-4D21-A696-F36098F78BF2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4f5f0f2beac89f43c21ee840715725b685362dc1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4257660,"id":"Q4257660"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$2F58FE42-EC8B-401B-BE6A-0065ADB61420","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"21eaf280c5c086893d9f8bba9bdf0c454da95e11","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4235598,"id":"Q4235598"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$167F1578-36EF-41C9-B9EB-A4A0F0336357","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f0be5de8631004eda443e370c3b6101ca6d83302","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1305541,"id":"Q1305541"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$2286309B-319A-4A86-8C60-F15CD382D317","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b95c0972d060ce4118cd3b77e6aedba973225ceb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5833361,"id":"Q5833361"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$E6D02C54-2A72-4215-BD4B-05DB98AA6957","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7b71b4c8efc1f79c3555cba6519cd8ab2762eced","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4201619,"id":"Q4201619"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$AC7961A9-7C29-40A9-A5BC-A2A9AB189F14","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b8193254f2ad5f7dc2658ae478d015094be1c90c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4007848,"id":"Q4007848"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$9010CCD9-D08B-4B29-AA63-24DD69AD761F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4aae3550387e80cfd370d2ab959788dcfb17a2eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3342831,"id":"Q3342831"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$4CEAB765-62B2-41C6-B7E1-542C21093C28","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9116492e53f17c4b1efbaa4f85cdd2982699f1b9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3733130,"id":"Q3733130"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$F48E616E-A90B-4E62-97AF-172884F8A1A2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a0ea57f8e869d89114af060e52f998dba2186609","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":808404,"id":"Q808404"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$CDE346A6-83A2-4F89-943C-8B9DABEF36C8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4882b608522a63be99ad91a2475f9106899e0dd3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4731425,"id":"Q4731425"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$93162510-A5FB-4C6A-8428-7DA32437FD5A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"60d616926cf7b7e8d598eb08dd5a0475283c3dc0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4257565,"id":"Q4257565"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$C60BEEF2-A872-4627-95D3-7BF4CBC5818F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a895dc8e2dcb3f06a43df4d81839f059e2c5ab3a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4494518,"id":"Q4494518"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$0E673CA3-4F61-4A66-B73B-4231902A1B13","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e8c3ec96704fc3645324bcdbc167a3706992f2ff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1178833,"id":"Q1178833"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$B517FE27-4A73-4910-B28C-B3D026765CCA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ffd4fa0bc89035fb7fa51ceacb2c7ce3b5888906","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2650516,"id":"Q2650516"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$7EEA2D13-DFCC-417B-B9B1-208589659CF5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"65c7b272e4a56be202cbc911c15b022be1ffdea8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1908442,"id":"Q1908442"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$05F4DE46-2179-40A3-9BBD-513458D0912C","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"836f859a11317d393c4653568c85d0cc0d5fa12e","datavalue":{"value":"A continuous linear operator \\(T: X \\to X\\) on a linear topological space \\(X\\) is called hypercyclic if there is a vector \\(x \\in X\\) whose orbit \\(\\{T^n x : n \\in {\\mathbb N}_0 \\}\\) under \\(T\\) is dense in \\(X\\). The vector \\(x\\) is then called \\(T\\)-hypercyclic. G. R. MacLane obtained a result that has become a cornerstone of the theory of hypercyclic operators. He showed that there exists an entire function \\(f\\) such that for every entire function \\(g\\) there is a sequence \\(\\{n_k\\}\\) of nonnegative integers with \\(f^{n_k}(z) \\to g(z) \\) locally uniformly in \\({\\mathbb C}\\). Equivalently, there is an element \\(f\\) in the space \\(H({\\mathbb C}) \\) of the entire functions for which the set \\(\\{f^{(n)} : n \\in {\\mathbb N}_0\\}\\) of all derivatives of \\(f\\) is dense in \\(H({\\mathbb C})\\) with its natural topology of local uniform convergence. In other words, MacLane's theorem says that the operator of differentiation \\(D: H({\\mathbb C}) \\to H({\\mathbb C})\\), \\( f \\to f'\\), is hypercyclic. \\textit{S. M. Duyos-Ruiz} [Sov. Math., Dokl. 27, 9-13 (1983; Zbl 0549.30017)] noted that no \\(D\\)-hypercyclic function can be of exponential type less than 1. The author [Complex Variables, Theory Appl. 15, 193-196 (1990; Zbl 0682.30021)], obtained the following sharp result. Given any \\(\\varphi : {\\mathbb R}^+ \\to {\\mathbb R}^+\\), with \\(\\varphi(r) \\to \\infty \\) as \\(r \\to \\infty\\) there exists a \\(D\\)-hypercyclic entire function \\(f\\) with NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE f(z) = O(\\varphi(r) \\frac{e^r}{\\sqrt r}), \\quad z = r \\to \\infty, NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE while there can be no \\(D\\)-hypercyclic entire function \\(f\\) with NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE f(z) = O\\left(\\frac{e^r}{\\sqrt r} \\right). NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE This result can be interpreted as saying that \\(\\frac{e^r}{\\sqrt r}\\) is the critical rate of growth for \\(D\\)-hypercyclicity. In the paper under review, the author determines the critical rate of growth for the class of weighted (backward) shift operators which contain \\(D\\). A continuous linear operator \\(T: H({\\mathbb C}) \\to H({\\mathbb C}) \\) is called \\textit{weighted (backward) shift operator } if there is a sequence \\(\\{a_n\\}\\) of non-zero complex numbers such that NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE T\\left( \\sum_{n=0}^\\infty c_nz^n \\right) = \\sum_{n=0}^\\infty a_{n+1}c_{n+1}z^n. \\tag{dos}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE The sequence \\(\\{a_n\\}\\) is called the \\textit{weight sequence}. The author gives answers to the following questions under certain assumptions on the weight \\( a = \\{a_n\\}\\): Given an hypercyclic weighted shift \\(T\\) on \\(H({\\mathbb C})\\), what are the permissible rates of growth of \\(T\\)-hypercyclic entire functions? Does \\(T\\) have a dense hypercyclic vector manifold of functions satisfying a given permissible growth condition? Does a critical rate of growth exist for \\(T\\)? What is the critical rate of growth if it exists? For each weight sequence \\(\\{a_n\\}\\) , it is assumed that satisfies the condition NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\lim_{n \\to \\infty} \\left|\\prod_{j=1}^n a_j \\right|^{\\frac{1}{n}}, \\tag{1}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE which implies \\(T\\) is hypercyclic, and a \\textit{maximun term } \\(\\mu_a\\) is associated to it, where NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE \\mu_a(r) = \\max_{n \\in {\\mathbb N}_0} \\frac{r^n}{\\prod_{j=1}^n a_j}, \\quad r \\geq 0. NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE In Theorem 1, the author proves that if \\(T\\) is a weighted shift operator on \\(H({\\mathbb C})\\) whose weight sequence satisfies (1), and if \\(\\varphi :{\\mathbb R}^+ \\to {\\mathbb R}^n\\) is a function with \\(\\varphi(r) \\to \\infty \\) as \\(r \\to \\infty\\), then there is a \\(T\\)-hypercyclic entire function \\(f\\) with NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE f(z) = O(\\varphi(r) \\mu_a(r)) \\quad \\text{as }z = r \\to \\infty. NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Indeed, \\(T\\) has a dense hypercyclic vector manifold of functions satisfying this growth condition. This result is completed in Theorem 2 where is shown that \\(\\mu_a(r)\\) is the critical rate of growth in the sense that, if the weight sequence satisfies the called \\textit{weak monotonicity condition} then there exists no \\(T\\)-hypercyclic entire function \\(f\\) with NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE f(z) = O(\\mu_a(r)) \\quad \\text{as} z = r \\to \\infty. NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE{}.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5951547$3E96AC8B-0C75-48DE-BA24-AA7117E7505C","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9aff61cc41844da7ee2fc2567b4b5fac6b5b35ab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3400089,"id":"Q3400089"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"cd0d63b78c1e75f23d895e5f718c18431bcd00e3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8704017400741577","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5951547$F1B66BE1-13E8-4DAA-A512-D3A950BFDBDD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5d62048d0b5b15644c70680f594bec38a02f5cd1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346470,"id":"Q1346470"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"469b2f345d2b1499bf10fe0a456098c53ecfe2e5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.84267258644104","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5951547$82E160CD-A6C5-47DF-A41C-0AC62D2D66DC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"90c3e9bf881b475152fa7a36e0c1652dc5e98324","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1606078,"id":"Q1606078"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"369b73e4f3a48b34ebe1c59f181e99f6b4c22fc8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.833225429058075","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5951547$C2FEDCAE-5497-4C7C-BA2F-A4BEA6328990","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"35a96406f7160d3327cdbe221237f54b24e23997","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2445922,"id":"Q2445922"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"01ed97fe9c459ebdce3bf3354b5f33a930f547b3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8186624050140381","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5951547$31693A01-E09A-40DB-A2EC-DF908D476C78","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a49d854493eab30662f1d69c7e4f3630b642a4d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":441349,"id":"Q441349"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"98ce377b54b548894db40d585565d16740dc09a8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8146792650222778","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5951547$917901AD-DC71-4569-B39B-8C45F7035101","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:5951547","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:5951547"}}}}}