{"entities":{"Q5960984":{"pageid":8137786,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q5960984","lastrevid":58627350,"modified":"2026-04-06T01:59:52Z","type":"item","id":"Q5960984","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On a character sum problem of Cohn"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1731897"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$C292261E-4938-4116-BE53-DB6CCDA1811D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"d0613ede31ccd1cc056670cb3a4fa945c1691bdf","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On a character sum problem of Cohn","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$363C9A7E-73FC-4405-A845-5FF6A6B27F21","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"5e8cfda74186dd6a9347d1398f6dd4721a0ef926","datavalue":{"value":"0997.11065","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$06F85A89-3013-4E53-B5D0-0399B677FBD6","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ffb0a2da2d02e4f2fb9a3f95844f454c0966956d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":177015,"id":"Q177015"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$2D405A8B-62BF-43C8-B64A-31D1A82656AA","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"e6cac328d206d9ef9b7afb3fb4ca5d1d204199af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":167107,"id":"Q167107"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$F430809D-D05D-4012-81FC-799481641667","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"683f23189cb8f9d2a00f0ccdbdeec1ea8bf9125b","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2002-04-22T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$7D5E9D5C-0048-4684-85DD-1681C0B328A5","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"0420cd8a7d461f96c422394923008eeb90009be5","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0101242","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$3CC4CC32-6316-44AC-956B-A757DB5B5557","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"0d7fdbc1a2b8e7639c3636cd9be0e2a4893e41d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":588320,"id":"Q588320"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$CBCA7CF6-D2D2-45F1-A907-5E4F20D27C2F","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6ad3000e766f35ee7c20ebe1be8367e129650e33","datavalue":{"value":"11L05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$9EA7D10F-8ED6-493D-93D8-E5D0AFB56B0D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"39ab029ef1ffc0108491685a9e1c1f5aa3d57a73","datavalue":{"value":"11T24","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$38310430-4BAF-45FC-AEEC-52C004CCB12D","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"ad75114aa57ed052b2b8dd7d27899a3494e83e95","datavalue":{"value":"1731897","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$73740F65-5C8C-4ED7-924B-EA4FB3453D2A","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6002cc885bf9252abbb051183aec49ec514dc6fb","datavalue":{"value":"character sums","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$613D0C33-AFC1-4ECB-B976-4226D929E65E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d59968878267bf9378eaebca1f4a487bab83dc3c","datavalue":{"value":"Gauss sums","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$7B6AD880-8B7B-4DD6-94B4-003E7FBCEF71","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$BF758479-4F66-4BE3-B43D-D71EAB49C49C","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"2cabfc8be379b1331194b1aa1345a7a80796d67c","datavalue":{"value":"W2092739581","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$336CBD25-A2A8-426E-95E2-F63149069722","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"56b7095857b0eb5b4ea3b5a00b5759713a652efa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1125401,"id":"Q1125401"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$E6532443-0864-4853-A8C1-DC42A1913636","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d5df8d797f08829c20cafd8b752b554f49f53727","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1587417,"id":"Q1587417"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$ECF4EB62-04F3-4604-B400-5961EC21C2A4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bacc56c80feb244dd67febe2ff443d8f4cda45a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4315110,"id":"Q4315110"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$0C63BA28-1D67-4DFF-AD41-74825360D389","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"b15e4e019cdd3ad9ca70ee893a53aeea00ef9267","datavalue":{"value":"10.1006/JNTH.2001.2698","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$3B23AE68-42E3-4809-B8AE-C7797AE2486D","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"220b9f140336a695eaafccd0238b9359a3febc42","datavalue":{"value":"For a nontrivial multiplicative character \\(f(x)\\) \\((x,h\\in \\mathbb{F}_q\\), \\(q=p^s)\\), \\(\\sum f(x) \\overline{f(x+h)}= q-1\\) for \\(h=0\\) and \\(-1\\) otherwise. The reviewer asked the converse. Does this sum property imply that \\(f(x)\\) is a multiplicative character? [See \\textit{H. L. Montgomery}, Ten lectures on the interface between analytic number theory and harmonic analysis, Regional Conference Series in Mathematics 84, Providence, AMS (1994; Zbl 0814.11001)]. A natural restriction should have been added that \\(f(0)=0\\), \\(f(1)=1\\), \\(|f(x)|=1\\) otherwise.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\textit{A. Bir\u00f3} [J. Number Theory 77, 200-208 (1999; Zbl 0949.11039)] proved partial results for \\(s=1\\), \\(p>2\\), e.g., if \\(f(x)= \\pm 1\\), \\(x\\neq 0\\) then \\(f(x)\\) is a Legendre character. \\textit{K.-K. Choi} and \\textit{M.-K. Siu} [J. Number Theory 84, 40-48 (2000; Zbl 0970.11043)] disprove the extension for cases where \\(s>1\\) (except \\(q=4\\)), both by using counterexamples and by a generic counting argument on the functions \\(f(x)\\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe author shows the answer is positive if \\(s=1\\), \\(p>2\\) and \\(f(x)\\) \\((\\neq 0)\\) is an \\(m\\)th root of unity. He uses a classical method, factoring \\(p\\) in the number field generated by the Gaussian sum \\(\\sum f(x)\\exp 2\\pi i/p\\) and identifying \\(f\\) as a root of unity from actions of the Galois group.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q5960984$7A3B4169-CF24-4772-A0C8-2161CE3FB518","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1158ff649ab6190817203491f1303ec46c709222","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1587417,"id":"Q1587417"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"21452a065f644192b1f8ddb623f2871fa18ec91b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8985158801078796","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5960984$30EABE55-892E-45B2-A04C-1CD20782972C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e7d7c2a5dd27c4f1d6ae11ed9cc2762e8c294699","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1125401,"id":"Q1125401"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5aea8b73b96565835ac29df02407fc616eaef7f7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8978264927864075","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5960984$DBB4C4D2-0FF3-4B16-8B3A-7B9F4F23410A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2606ebebe6f00050f8dbc6b9e18b47017327b597","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1970621,"id":"Q1970621"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a3f4b3266b4be3be57dba0d5b833ea86ceebff17","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8935247659683228","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5960984$BC7A8922-16C4-43D0-B213-A2C88B194CBA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eae24df84f1de8bbb198e258a6a05f46552d8e92","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5929715,"id":"Q5929715"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8882d63d7a15096add2f625e868f39b122b287ee","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8929939866065979","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5960984$401E37A6-44F5-4C69-8759-5C986799B7D8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a3c0cb99cad2ae995c70f8e2a7fa5f3c4fd223bd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":650284,"id":"Q650284"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ffcef4e63baac97763d982f15092356de4383017","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8037504553794861","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q5960984$7BC395BF-0953-4C49-A310-9C8480278EC9","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:5960984","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:5960984"}}}}}