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The author introduces the concepts of `weakly parasurface' and `parasurface' groups by replacing ``free group'' with ``surface group'' in the above definition.   A characterization of free groups due to Magnus states that weakly parafree groups of rank~\\(k\\) are free of rank~\\(k\\). Theorem~1 shows that the statement is false if the words ``weakly parafree'' and ``free'' are replaced by ``parasurface'' and ``surface''. Magnus' ``conjugacy theorem for groups with one defining relator'' states that if \\(s,t\\) are elements of the free group \\(F_k\\) of rank \\(k\\) with isomorphic normal closures in \\(F_k\\) then \\(s\\) is conjugate to \\(t^{\\pm 1}\\). Theorem~3 shows that the statement is false (for some \\(i\\)) if \\(F_k\\) is replaced by \\(F_k/\\gamma_i(F_k)\\), the free rank~\\(k\\), \\(i\\)-step nilpotent quotient.   The final main result requires some terminology. Elements \\(g,h\\) in a group \\(G\\) are `nilpotent-conjugacy-equivalent' if their images in all nilpotent quotients of \\(G\\) are conjugate. They are `automorphism equivalent' if there exists some \\(\\varphi\\in\\Aut(G)\\) with \\(\\varphi(g)=h\\); they are `nilpotent-automorphism equivalent' if their images in all nilpotent quotients of \\(G\\) are automorphism equivalent. A group \\(G\\) is `conjugacy-nilpotent-separable' if any pair of nilpotent-conjugacy equivalent elements is conjugate; it is `automorphism-nilpotent-separable' if any pair of nilpotent-automorphism equivalent elements is automorphism equivalent.   Free groups are known to be conjugacy-nilpotent-separable. Theorem~2 shows that, in partial contrast to this, free groups of even rank are not 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