{"entities":{"Q609467":{"pageid":611243,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q609467","lastrevid":42604665,"modified":"2025-07-04T13:41:02Z","type":"item","id":"Q609467","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Indistinguishability operators. Modelling fuzzy equalities and fuzzy equivalence relations"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5821704"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$29E22EB7-70F3-4C63-A65D-AD6266A78907","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5e4a766dfda9610b8b9f87719a452159ead69eae","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Indistinguishability operators. Modelling fuzzy equalities and fuzzy equivalence relations","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$E8F6238F-6EBB-491C-889E-0D07EBF988A0","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"4b16f4c71e679c886285dc219bd808c2a3d54561","datavalue":{"value":"1215.03065","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$1746C5CE-D8F8-4AEE-9B70-A4077F03089C","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"455f0fb81cb69768d00b2cc23fe4e1a32dfaa420","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/978-3-642-16222-0","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$E8373AF5-6A6B-4179-82CD-B75BA01CC929","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"2e45bc507e34591b785af634f74866d90c2c6028","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":163449,"id":"Q163449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$BBD69ACC-D1FD-4C09-84B9-1F85A01F235F","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"1d79904792f78d2cc73c1d1b423fae3a75299b4a","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2010-11-30T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$35135BC4-4A7E-4E0D-9D5C-635705C3BA81","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"f92de10ca67adc6047ef6622f96ead08069ef151","datavalue":{"value":"Indistinguishability operators are graded versions of equivalence relations, and hence graded versions of equality relations. They play a core role in theoretical and practical aspects of fuzzy sets and in the formalization of the idea of granularity. This well-written monograph is the first one which is devoted to this topic, and hence highly welcome.  The author offers a rather comprehensive and up to date presentation of the theory of these operators. Core topics of his book, besides the basic properties of indistinguishability operators, are ways to generate them, their relationship to extensionality notions for fuzzy sets and to fuzzy functions, to distance notions for fuzzy sets, as well as, e.g., their application to approximate reasoning processes and to vague groups.  Unfortunately, neither this author nor E.~Trillas, who opens the book with a ``Foreword'' and claims to have introduced indistinguishability operators, seem to be aware of the fact that a particular case of an indistinguishability operator related to the \u0141ukasiewicz t-norm already appeared in the work of \\textit{D. Klaua} in the 1960s, e.g.~in [``\u00dcber einen zweiten {A}nsatz zur mehrwertigen {M}engenlehre'', Monatsber.\\ Deutsch.\\ Akad.\\ Wiss.\\ Berlin 8, 161--177 (1966; Zbl 0154.26002)].","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$180F66AE-0357-4361-8F82-49CD7CDCD663","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d9038fbc6c9eb2d241eed759e44bf47d202533f7","datavalue":{"value":"03E72","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$E00D5AD8-B4CC-40B9-AFA9-11ADE8558E20","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"89663cdc2c9f64b2cd0a104bcac86329d89b9b2d","datavalue":{"value":"03-02","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$C52BC628-3E2C-49CB-955C-38B6FB070CCE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0ad6448c9e3f2394361827e5c2d117e48dc71794","datavalue":{"value":"03B52","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$F67D6002-2CBA-498C-8FB7-0420F8365787","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1f66a3c6f6c4263d812ea49e5394cac6ea83ef9b","datavalue":{"value":"68T37","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$DC5A87C9-5B4B-493C-B503-5A81E5278F51","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1ec63a0ab51237df67e9180d4cd78b9f8f886b2a","datavalue":{"value":"94D05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$19345FFC-5215-411D-BEEC-A7D381F3EBB8","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"d36d910a5838e34d434bef97da1d3a8e3d25b4a5","datavalue":{"value":"5821704","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$5D22CB17-C970-42FF-BB39-CE1E257A756E","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f6175e579ae38cf607600aac59ac197480cb7aa5","datavalue":{"value":"indistinguishability operator","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$C28634D7-1C76-4661-8D5A-D9A98A706DAA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f82b77f26183e41974ae1869ee7019a799839249","datavalue":{"value":"graded equivalence relation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$7EF7F3D1-12E5-4196-8E06-8A3F1F7ACBCE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0efd5e3ae3f1b0c74641cabb6457376be0017ade","datavalue":{"value":"graded identity","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$7503F62F-E248-4585-B268-FD9D1355256E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b5ff686fac9f9c4882283cba85982a31182110f0","datavalue":{"value":"extensional fuzzy set","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$74867BD4-441A-4721-946A-EB61F5688DCA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5b95a07764b57d00201bb891b487ff9ba2ec43e0","datavalue":{"value":"triangular norms","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$B8E4029E-C4D3-40CB-B68C-2AA1CB8B62FC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e1460e2c4c27e2813323790fb6940fbaaa4dc9b6","datavalue":{"value":"fuzzy functions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$9E343514-97D5-4EE9-A1AB-29708CCD55D7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"aabacb2bd9bfa003ffe87c04d7c5daaff1d4875c","datavalue":{"value":"approximate reasoning","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$A3B06C3C-A7F2-4B70-8A8A-E0266A153026","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"3dd82af3b8309ebc179f9fabdbdd73b9ac2c46bd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":194562,"id":"Q194562"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$AF75CC6E-5F45-4A34-B555-DC77D9B7DDFA","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"d657b6d3412c75416b1faf0735572c94c2285816","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":586246,"id":"Q586246"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$43B689C7-73CF-43DF-A34C-F59B7B531414","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$CBFAAD04-3F7A-4C64-A0DB-096F0FAC4C24","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"27204275a6d0a0ab9886fcd08bd0cad4d134e913","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16222-0","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$2C29F992-DC0F-40BF-A7A8-EE219E5008B1","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"34edb6c19881531ce72ec27536bb3f8b76a553de","datavalue":{"value":"W4243250110","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q609467$959327DD-A86A-4109-B6CC-1B4A1F452AF0","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cd418c93da20f081cf8d4de6a858948d5eaf6859","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":648369,"id":"Q648369"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ad82638f3f24a241e302f1d3b07add0bebe3e532","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8299404","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$6F9ADDDB-B9B4-45D4-8AF4-B1D3FF698378","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"605ddaa0fa3138b4cb1b7fbd99dc91ff45efdf19","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4208695,"id":"Q4208695"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6395ae075db61c0458c26d6956fcd9b706b16689","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.82837087","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$EC945612-B816-4389-9C0E-DBC2D378FAC3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7242c1ac2f69f39cac6e57345269efda9a6ee2b0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5469447,"id":"Q5469447"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1f6de711b52fb4a72bdb63c93c9fd8f2de88134f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.815439","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$A230F72C-A822-4A95-9C02-6C942D1764CF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"53344ef2e2a3c4893b58ce875a75ca013f96c3d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2275144,"id":"Q2275144"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3779a9a372b4c6ffa54d0fa66f282da4d3c88f82","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8137047","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$13684B59-3C89-49DD-AC78-CCA73076D2D3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9210de62c564730d88a5437c2c16401896aa55d5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4731191,"id":"Q4731191"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a1361b491a1effa6ecbc13fccded72516c883585","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8094245","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$4562B6C9-E601-42D3-B3A1-14FB7528ABB2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"70a5579b5ccc78635e455bea78176a0d05e910ba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5939643,"id":"Q5939643"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d188e962b0db972feddc17f3e5ceb15dc73cad80","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8033635","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$6E64E9CB-B569-41A5-9C63-83313C6857C4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ad7194e352f1613e4f68fdd8f915a0846081c95e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":955717,"id":"Q955717"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c86f71fa27dcedd5fafd80f54cf3a38533677ff9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.78522885","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$3F8CBAEF-2076-4BCC-A907-2E036C3E447F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"313e32b433cf604373269b84a19f66c6bf1ae8a2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1961292,"id":"Q1961292"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"111ab3203436ead6a6f87b5503549b3029bfe0c7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.78056616","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$35514B16-EFF2-4EBE-B10A-360BDA912E64","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f6da6d094a60bd82d2871b0a5117f738b9451ca4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1086563,"id":"Q1086563"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"26603d43842045f0e87308b8e88efd37a340fdc9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7787009","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q609467$8BF387B8-3F48-44E5-85F7-0DB14CE592C0","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:609467","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:609467"}}}}}