{"entities":{"Q6163556":{"pageid":13298437,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q6163556","lastrevid":102545165,"modified":"2026-06-06T04:43:44Z","type":"item","id":"Q6163556","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Age of information using Markov-renewal methods"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7702256"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$035F5F09-531F-4258-BEB6-4B71ACDBC8A4","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"a3149c6baf04201677da15eb13bd6e50347bab75","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Age of information using Markov-renewal methods","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$8629F620-E5DE-40A9-97A8-B80E97735BB5","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"810e38a151a7d21bed73d41c06071aa6711f7e2b","datavalue":{"value":"1529.60063","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$72BAC56A-3644-4FAD-8428-0CD6E19869E4","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0f2c7bf37abe8665dd0e4b49a40da1332fc14db5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":966836,"id":"Q966836"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$3BA4CA2E-FAD1-4C31-8A06-A9807340C922","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"80513aa1b5c13fc8d6e48c5bd38ca706eb7af26d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":294122,"id":"Q294122"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$5E33E60D-8CC6-412E-B172-FC801874D966","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a107361c0b5a34cb9feabae6503638aceff03583","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":679025,"id":"Q679025"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$504824DF-DC18-4DD4-B5F3-5F9E59FA026D","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c221a935c89e7def86b026e7fa50e2f6f15b31ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168997,"id":"Q168997"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$01632ECF-1018-452E-96EF-C1A2C553C71F","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"e1ff4eab0b2e0a25f5857bfddff310cd07acba57","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2023-06-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$7CA1CAE2-F2A8-4C67-B73D-01526AED93EF","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"00a15231864b5d2d743d64235129efbed281e36e","datavalue":{"value":"Based on a message transmission and processing system, suppose that the incoming data items, labeled by an index \\(j \\in J\\), pass through an inspection process, deciding whether a current information package \\(j\\) can be accepted, \\(\\phi(j)(j)=1\\), for further use, or must be discarded, \\(\\phi(j)=0\\). Here, the mapping \\(f=f(j)\\) denotes the corresponding decision operator. The whole transmission and processing model is assumed to involve different stochastic parameters and stochastic processes. An important concept for the analysis of message information and processing systems is the ``freshness of information'', \\(\\alpha=\\alpha(t)\\), with respect to a reference time \\(t\\), also referred to as ``age of information'' \\(AoI(t)\\). A possible definition of \\(\\alpha(t)\\) at a reference time point \\(t\\) reads:  \\[ \\alpha(t) :=t-\\max_{t_j \\leq t, f(j)=1, j\\in J}t_j, \\]  where \\(t_j\\) denotes the time of an information item \\(j\\) arriving and evaluated up to a reference time point \\(t\\). Under different assumptions on the stochastic information transmission and evaluation process, the properties of \\(AoI(t)\\), e.g., its probability distribution are considered. Moreover, several numerical examples are provided.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$2FA52E91-5151-4510-92C7-660779C8F32E","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"32b843cab4da85db5f3a4cb5da65a8b66abc3612","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":373939,"id":"Q373939"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$AE110A80-CCF9-43C3-B5FE-79621D9BC98F","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"763034182a2d667b75e92e2d6fff2d7378094131","datavalue":{"value":"60K25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$4F73A26B-4C73-4301-85D4-1E46F729E950","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"88c615ec8f95e3ecd3c6f6adb9a625d37a420ec1","datavalue":{"value":"60K30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$66AD7FBE-FC46-4160-A858-09BA78A4984D","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"69f6afabe132e8419ffa4ef3752fbe0ea2523b35","datavalue":{"value":"7702256","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$14141FB0-788A-4EC5-91FE-8D5B574E1F11","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b0c080ad09523b7fcb529e34f2399610b9b6f1b1","datavalue":{"value":"freshness of information","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$4DCFE339-6C96-4C2F-9DB9-DAF7EAFE5FD3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cfc5276389d1b6176c6ebe5d68454d8031bc1590","datavalue":{"value":"age of information","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$1055249B-51B8-45B3-A73D-AC2358F6A05A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8f2d8c9511070eee869eccc0968a29487a38da3f","datavalue":{"value":"Markov renewal","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$74955682-C348-4CF3-9A65-EADEE94F294F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"925f3dd4d9f742b68f1a22deaf0bd36290f718f4","datavalue":{"value":"palm probability","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$306D423B-1E05-4A14-AA36-26EB990F3B80","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a6f2f63e500080a6ddf193303e231e60b55ad6d8","datavalue":{"value":"Laplace transform","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$75F53E0C-49DC-4B6E-B802-6283A13DBAE2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f775f7e35d755c91f82982f454dff3f673d66cb7","datavalue":{"value":"queueing","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$079123F1-4717-4509-AD12-32BDCE334B52","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$B56F72AA-EB39-4C10-8C4B-47E5DD6DE27F","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"dcfaabc9e69247c3ea426aad80d000100042a67a","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11134-022-09852-w","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$7E521B41-2D2D-4F15-8E6A-55A0254A83D7","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"b562401411aba79e27b2d1f64974872e6e784bc3","datavalue":{"value":"W4292103839","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$2AE69C22-C5EE-49A9-BC8B-8132124F30B6","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"41136957ff435f5a08526a2e3783e16d7b00e056","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4708451,"id":"Q4708451"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$0B181D10-0B6A-4F17-918A-63A319D9FF4C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"32f0509f7975a18ec3b41cf813c68ecdb0bb7a10","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4485682,"id":"Q4485682"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$CA5FB89F-96BF-44CC-870B-ADFEB1F75141","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7670b0da6d33305a76cc95e30e901b2dacd92502","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5224142,"id":"Q5224142"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$7B5CD1C9-BEEE-4A83-A44B-EB66B9E30765","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d82216c069c0d4e92b398f0b1f2381174e692ded","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4109064,"id":"Q4109064"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$80183FC7-7606-498D-82D2-B001A4494801","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"50c0d7a52d763fedf374ed2d2e62f313f99341a0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2976914,"id":"Q2976914"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$4348B5EB-B0EF-4742-A806-B3580A6EBA30","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b69d3eadf18130d1ad50c8f5d9737fa22781a3b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5211577,"id":"Q5211577"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$5BC1F8E0-0DC4-4DC0-8210-72A557CD2CF0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"811b1defa5ab63184b27b07d64be1365af20ffda","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5030338,"id":"Q5030338"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$BFA98A88-DF29-4228-8080-E77C14D2C8F0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8eb50765f62eb7274b4b5b44d5e5b7f81c8ce2f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2210669,"id":"Q2210669"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$06987165-C1FD-449B-8539-CB81E6D38655","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6119dccbb970bd7f5a11305c6b0ddce95e427be1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4014085,"id":"Q4014085"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$8C645512-12DD-4DE4-A976-1260DB90F069","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"310814a7b35122981aa7ed2cb72caf6d5602600a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4639876,"id":"Q4639876"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$37126DDA-71D2-4F6B-927B-B1B95BACC691","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"6b0639d7ea1b1cbad76b29f620ed0e810d1fdb32","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S11134-022-09852-W","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6163556$11DFE50A-4DB4-4A7C-A816-FFF11712DB8D","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"34808b54fd4e1b941969910f84ddbf607920710e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2661519,"id":"Q2661519"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3a16a6d0e156e64bdd31db15caacbcfd36bcc573","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8972854","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q6163556$9CFBF0E8-63F4-4D0A-91E3-966F682DC16A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bf2761aab8639fa15f73c14af5c6ce44055a7077","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5032589,"id":"Q5032589"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0a55826e8ed893d7d139503046686baa71618208","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8465811","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q6163556$37EC7C37-CAE2-4F81-8FAA-BBC728AEFD27","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1a7f392eb194371698f46efcbf338f7e1ac207e8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2210669,"id":"Q2210669"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"842c22239ce823b1c361a67b4e1253e22b9759fd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.82276225","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q6163556$0FBAC673-944B-4EF0-BD7F-65B60778E4DD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"45dc3e432e84d1b246369a1d498de5477773580d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5211577,"id":"Q5211577"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"49647a8fbac5817f3f1b82c58568326380c748ed","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.82052815","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q6163556$E937DAA3-3906-4EB7-AC1B-BBA1089CF0FF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0d290e9c8532a0befe5756c1f0996e76627c7748","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3783943,"id":"Q3783943"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c4633979401871fc93c0da807e45fd95c0887aef","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8173251","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q6163556$0C22FA5B-7467-4D7A-9888-D99264E06EFA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b5acfac97b8de73e5d4c6cdc025baf74c42a6656","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4700899,"id":"Q4700899"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b7ceceb5726631ceb9cf0deb5e41a724dea4cb81","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.81607234","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q6163556$E43C305F-A20E-409D-B8C6-0DB660F4D1E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"600ed79cfa339bc2b28b18f67da9b4d2be1e4e5b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3683376,"id":"Q3683376"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f6cb2f4485b14165c59d00794a10fa8b48ed682b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8146956","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q6163556$A7CF5257-226F-4718-A636-050F72C4E09E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d2780c460fef4608018a0edb236761163e84298f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5937010,"id":"Q5937010"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8707e672e55e4ad3ab5082f92ebf9e37a26a025f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8123078","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q6163556$718BD752-01C5-4319-9079-7DBFCE5E9BE7","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Age of information using Markov-renewal methods","badges":[]}}}}}