{"entities":{"Q619732":{"pageid":621508,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q619732","lastrevid":63226326,"modified":"2026-04-11T11:27:12Z","type":"item","id":"Q619732","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Chaos and Hopf bifurcation analysis for a two species predator-prey system with prey refuge and diffusion"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5838185"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$65A54EAD-08CF-4273-B9C0-54FB6BD187C2","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"aaa066e9a5059d7e1e498f1332cd511446f1347a","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Chaos and Hopf bifurcation analysis for a two species predator-prey system with prey refuge and diffusion","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$01E12553-CB51-46A9-900D-8ACD57C7F80B","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"b67b0bcc8b6b819fe06d2b004f2ff4d44e0f2b18","datavalue":{"value":"1222.34099","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$BBC46F82-5483-4B16-B5BC-F0292F4D675F","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"abb01f4b29aebcd3f08d541f75d90a94d48fc7b8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":251316,"id":"Q251316"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$28574C57-328F-412B-A3FC-92232A4653A2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"077e4e7b206b859d6afda61675ce7791887ee110","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1352527,"id":"Q1352527"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$B9999376-C0B2-4B3D-A139-372A4CDEEB52","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"6767b6efc69afee633187c7ac9296daa178b7a89","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169522,"id":"Q169522"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$D125A363-9196-4B92-9460-E671D564CA10","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"c9f1ff22021ab332265182c41e25d022a91c567f","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2011-01-18T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$79B37745-D43B-4D57-A67C-2C1E7E281799","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"e587d3cc7a759d267e6a4674613dcd27fa2353e4","datavalue":{"value":"The authors consider a delayed predator-prey model with Holling type II functional response incorporating a constant prey refuge and diffusion. By analyzing the characteristic equation of the linearized system corresponding to the model, the authors study the local asymptotic stability of the positive equilibrium of the system. By choosing the time delay due to gestation as a bifurcation parameter, the existence of Hopf bifurcations at the positive equilibrium is established. By applying the normal form and the center manifold theory, an explicit algorithm to determine the direction of the Hopf bifurcation and the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions is derived. Finally, using a numerical method, the influence of impulsive perturbations on the dynamics of the system is also investigated.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$3A3E5AE7-CBE7-4AFA-819F-11F5A418F177","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"0dacceebfec07cd0183215abad6951fc385f820f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":165915,"id":"Q165915"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$C2B7F893-4CEC-4D85-9BA6-06A09B9D21CE","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9d383dba4460a0db8f2e384f54758bd9a632d5c9","datavalue":{"value":"34K60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$4450308F-4F90-450F-ACDB-B19BE81413A8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"edc02cda60f5f45dc74bb9bce91f9a1fac75bc52","datavalue":{"value":"34K18","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$C69D8C26-346A-4EDF-A4FD-C587E287ED03","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2988d0525b9693e670757e0d354865293366d837","datavalue":{"value":"34K23","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$B17ADC19-A777-41BC-91C6-DA107034CB48","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8dce91b45aae56da74aca9c1ed1bc5361b215565","datavalue":{"value":"92D25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$0400B603-E5DE-47E1-9963-F24F6538538C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"974f7150fe76007bf1a6598b96826e2df3460b21","datavalue":{"value":"34K20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$86E5E9EE-7E7C-412F-AA5E-7DAAF084059B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"48b0197730abe87f16bc4961bd697bf562e2f0b0","datavalue":{"value":"34K17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$5C898543-47B0-4591-BB8E-19EE0E1A60FE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"62e40d715334a9d8ab400182d887f4fcbf7d129a","datavalue":{"value":"34K19","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$D3B455AB-AD0A-4455-8F4D-9076D41A5A31","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5e618dbb03cde2dc4cd11d1f0029844ebecd0df3","datavalue":{"value":"34K45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$FA4D90CB-A221-4A3A-A268-D7ACA244CC58","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"51ec8c99060d7aa68707ef345a405176f05dbc9e","datavalue":{"value":"5838185","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$257BC620-9671-47A8-B06B-56B39518706B","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"41a520131353bc402bae225cd0479b697f7b8134","datavalue":{"value":"predator-prey model","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$D2AFF0E4-8E8D-48A7-B321-1D76A0CD0A97","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9f87a7c8a0b5cb39f4ecc9cfd7b184a2c3c2f3b0","datavalue":{"value":"diffusion","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$CD55AB26-EFD6-4432-904C-031596C3430A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"34b44e7b40021effdee26093512bde7058814281","datavalue":{"value":"stability","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$D604A31F-5019-4D3E-93A6-12307C9FF18F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"50bd05830da296fce3812ca72c6ecccef982661a","datavalue":{"value":"Hopf bifurcation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$3AF6FA5E-69A3-48FB-93A7-F5633074E2FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f6291a25ce3a5f26e35a836e32cdf189be98c56a","datavalue":{"value":"center manifold theory","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$0C0DBF14-A6C1-4DC8-B3AB-5B0FA4CB3170","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$51276FFD-128A-4E1C-9AFA-2F56F400B3A4","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"1022361194a5a21387d1aad68d11d6cfdf35e4c0","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nonrwa.2010.08.027","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$0A804E61-1265-4E23-AF86-EC139D840EA9","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"8a38562584444e31bc448a05caf5ac080168cf1a","datavalue":{"value":"W1996086628","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$8E95D185-DD8A-43E3-A9E2-06766E6C1A34","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"de0bffced7c14a3ad62692f3388a02b36d512f19","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1049436,"id":"Q1049436"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$6AFD984F-AB22-41CF-AB86-D18596A59CBB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cd34568640bbbefbdea326156e4e1e9e1bc867ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2570026,"id":"Q2570026"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$11939B8B-7734-4DA5-9D11-03EDC336F77C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4aa3d3c2ca6b34f60e44c0937224742fd1fe4a46","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":984510,"id":"Q984510"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$918E1D8A-ECEF-43D9-BC44-EA92BF38855E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1967fb49f30bde849aaec191f1320901e80fde96","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1015255,"id":"Q1015255"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$C4099067-CB11-4185-B326-02C6EA736F88","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"90a63ff0ab8fecaae86488d0e0699ccc6cf72f7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1325013,"id":"Q1325013"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$F5E5BC1C-192E-40CC-882C-A7EB90E609A7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d631b11689b6993c310707592539fdb55316a2a4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1806575,"id":"Q1806575"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$195F7426-7CED-4086-B4B5-459A6DA9DA48","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1ae97d66b7a1f50a613dc30803375bb525fb344a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5940330,"id":"Q5940330"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$5B9ED86C-D0F9-4905-99E5-B1700C79D43C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1aa3b0d6513e53526710824be2d733caf240b718","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1586257,"id":"Q1586257"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$2E59E1FF-B190-4385-BBDE-5AA6D80FDF8D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7a797dc4af36f5f5a7da396005c4844eab2ab798","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1310798,"id":"Q1310798"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$749070D9-D57A-4C72-AFB1-F38F91EAF81F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ddf05994d03ae9ec5cd9c6c20ec5519d0efb51d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1036544,"id":"Q1036544"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$5981E425-B63E-4878-A078-BB547DBF95F1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fd0dd78587dfaf5fff4d6d5a8a02ca832eebb4d5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2490094,"id":"Q2490094"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$CE3519D6-59D2-4F7F-820F-ACDDD012EBA2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"02835699f290b550eed613d8bcb856b909a00d26","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1026444,"id":"Q1026444"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$E1D6AC6E-52BF-4B82-A6C3-63F85A6A3E62","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1bf222f5f77f9ae64e8c68ce6a126ce285f179c8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3930015,"id":"Q3930015"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$DEA9B6A7-2791-4BA1-9B41-2321DAECC9A5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"90efce6dee4e2f6a177aed19f7ed3ef04e2669fd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":864217,"id":"Q864217"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$3FB34439-455C-4E3F-B82B-1929A2495BFF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6e3c68df7a19bd038d848091e3223489ff987ca7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":876624,"id":"Q876624"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$A7694C0D-1C33-41DE-9387-E62CF968F0F7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b016c194f894489a147236f4add29dcc5b485c6a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1605969,"id":"Q1605969"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$0CAB7AB7-E072-4A70-93F0-9218C774D901","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"ff0ce77b3bc0494ba1f551b6675e107fbbd061cc","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.NONRWA.2010.08.027","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q619732$7E0DA90D-49B0-4043-9A96-65FFB66D06FA","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0f61df1b2c3ffe9ba96a5bde1239acc40448292e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":374199,"id":"Q374199"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"55efd312e9a233e38a212e59aaa7e025f458e902","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8772232532501221","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q619732$AB2D762A-BACB-4527-8DDD-906F6659D02F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ec74d63ec6d0db672563174ec1e8b4f8cde1aabc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1728208,"id":"Q1728208"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a88a85f44b6bd99275408bae3e986c3fe5c57532","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8711722493171692","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q619732$A3938023-9E40-4C44-88FD-CA87B577B199","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"11704517635131bc3b273356371bb8dbeda07e1f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2922086,"id":"Q2922086"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8c429ae5cef6cc4f18939a8347e241b1442cd9d4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8680962920188904","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q619732$F3053512-1AF2-4406-B3E5-F9C0A69EA40C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f140d8771ff948c4423de4d8d0685252b81b686e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2444129,"id":"Q2444129"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8eee3f43d0f1bd799b34a65b09ff71724f3a0ac7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8662258982658386","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q619732$FE5985D3-00BB-4BDC-8760-42D7B9D2D30B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1b4159b6ccf644cd7276e663816d4850a6ca4d0c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2296216,"id":"Q2296216"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"79efd946cb6d943cbe386531cedee880e858c136","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8651623129844666","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q619732$BD724F01-4DFD-4F8B-BADD-4B405CF77078","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Chaos and Hopf bifurcation analysis for a two species predator-prey system with prey refuge and diffusion","badges":[]}}}}}