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This interesting paper is the continuation of the work by the author [``The Weil-\u00e9tale fundamental group of a number field. I'', Kyushu J. Math. 65, No. 1, 101--140 (2011; Zbl 1226.14029)].  In this paper, the author presented and extended results of his dissertation of the subject of Weil-\u00e9tale topos [Sur le topos Weil-\u00e9tale d'un corps de nombres, L'universit\u00e9 Bordeaux I, \u00c9cole Doctorale de Math\u00e9matiques et Informatique (2008)].  In the paper under review, the Weil-\u00e9tale topos is defined as a refinement of the Weil-\u00e9tale sites introduced by \\textit{S. Lichtenbaum} [Ann. Math. (2) 170, No. 2, 657--683 (2009; Zbl 1278.14029)]. The author shows that his definition of the (small) Weil-\u00e9tale topos of a smooth projective curve is equivalent to the natural definition. Then the Weil-\u00e9tale fundamental group of an open subscheme of the spectrum of a number ring is defined. This fundamental group is a projective system of locally compact topological groups, which represents first degree cohomology with coefficients in locally compact abelian groups. The author applies this result to compute the Weil-\u00e9tale cohomology in low degrees and to prove that the Weil-\u00e9tale topos of a number ring satisfies the expected properties of the conjectural Lichtenbaum topos. Side by side with these the methods of the paper are inspired by the fundamental research of \\textit{A. Grothendieck, M. Artin} and \\textit{J. L. Verdier} [Th\u00e9orie des Topos et cohomologie \u00e9tale des sch\u00e9mas (SGA4). Lecture Notes in Mathematics. 269. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag. (1972; Zbl 0234.00007), 270. (1972; Zbl 0237.00012), 305. (1973; Zbl 0245.00002)].  Contents: 1. Introduction. 2. Preliminaries. 3. The Weil-\u00e9tale topos. 4. The Weil-\u00e9tale fundamental group. 5. Weil-\u00e9tale Cohomology with coefficients in \\(\\tilde{\\mathbb{R}}\\). 6. Consequences of the main result.  Let \\(Y\\) be an open subscheme of a smooth projective curve over a finite field \\(k,\\) and let \\(S_{et} (W_{k}, {\\overline Y})\\) be the topos of \\(W_k\\)-equivariant \u00e9tale sheaves on the geometric curve \\({\\overline Y}= Y{\\otimes}_k {\\overline k}\\).  Theorem 1.1: There is an equivalence \\(Y_W^{sm} \\simeq S_{et} (W_k,\\overline Y)\\) where \\(Y_W^{sm}\\) is the (small) Weil-\u00e9tale topos defined in this paper.  For a connected \u00e9tale \\({\\overline X}\\)-scheme \\({\\overline U}\\) author defines its Weil-\u00e9tale topos as the slice topos \\({\\overline U}_W := {\\overline X}_W/{\\gamma}^* {\\overline U}\\). Let \\(K\\) be the number field corresponding to the generic point of \\({\\overline U}\\), and let \\(q_{\\overline U} : \\mathrm{Spec}({\\overline K}) \\to {\\overline U} \\) be a geometric point. Similarly to the definition of the \u00e9tale fundamental group as a (strict) projective system of finite quotients of the Galois group \\(G_K\\), author defines the analogous (strict) projective system \\( {\\underline W}({\\overline U}, q_{\\overline U})\\) of locally compact quotients of the Weil group \\(W_K\\) .  Theorem 1.2: The Weil-\u00e9tale topos \\({\\overline U}_W\\) is connected and locally connected over the topos \\(T\\) of locally compact spaces. The geometric point \\(q_{\\overline U}\\) defines a \\(T-\\)valued point \\(p_{\\overline U}\\) of the topos \\({\\overline U}_W,\\) and we have an isomorphism \\(\\pi_1 ({\\overline U}_W, p_{\\overline U } ) \\simeq {\\underline W}({\\overline U}, q_{\\overline U} )\\) of topological pro-groups.  The author's concepts are applied to obtain a new prove of the reciprocity law of class field theory. He also gives other related propositions and consequences too complicated for quotation 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