{"entities":{"Q627053":{"pageid":628901,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q627053","lastrevid":63171669,"modified":"2026-04-11T11:04:55Z","type":"item","id":"Q627053","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Different approaches to the distribution of primes"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5853583"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$74EC8D16-25AB-4B0D-A2D6-A55F9F2B1940","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"c83139479e90ed69105271289a8996739a4853e3","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Different approaches to the distribution of primes","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$729EBBAF-0CCA-4978-B0B4-57A7B05C6C38","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"8c9b4213ef93722f89f20a4103436dc86b29e877","datavalue":{"value":"1275.11129","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$68F8AD6F-9E26-42F0-89E5-C33FE0D91484","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"b3ba5f7f8b4aff66527295db29be7049fdd01e64","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":165886,"id":"Q165886"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$FDBA5B2C-4396-4B91-B69B-98166CAC4BFD","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"da46c5bafbf550579abf32457f44418e4d1b47ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":302411,"id":"Q302411"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$9DBD42FE-278F-4FF8-B7EB-A23F166B4019","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"1b5bf01c2e9be91cd353b9f133bc7ff115719b4b","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2011-02-19T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$C3ED5496-BC8E-48C3-8AC9-86DADC1AA243","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"3212e95ffe280c0b3e580ffd4e7e681a028833a0","datavalue":{"value":"The author gives both a survey of the classic history, for the study of prime numbers, and a glimpse into a very recent approach to the distribution of primes, namely, a more elementary study based on the concept of ``pretentiousness'', among multiplicative functions (namely, functions \\(f\\) such that \\(f(mn)=f(m)f(n)\\), for all coprime natural numbers \\(m,n\\)). This new approach allows to avoid use of the Riemann \\(\\zeta\\)-function  \\[  \\zeta(s):=\\sum_{n=1}^{\\infty}n^{-s}, \\quad \\forall s\\in \\mathbb C, \\; \\Re(s)>1.  \\]  The paper gives a brief account of the major historical issues about primes and this function, starting from the greatest pearl regarding our knowledge about prime numbers, the celebrated Prime Number Theorem, discovered by a (very!) young Gauss, namely (in modern notation)  \\[  \\sum_{p\\leq x}\\log p \\sim x, \\quad x\\to \\infty. \\tag{\\text{PNT}}  \\]  We don't have room, here, to report the whole story that the author tells (not a comprehensive one, of course, but quite a good historical report). However, from the section names it transpires the author's underlying idea that, after (well after!) Riemann's memoir (his famous \\(1860\\) only eight pages, celebrated here for the \\(150\\)th year), the quest for an elementary approach started, with (see section \\(2\\)) the elementary proof of PNT by Erd\u0151s and Selberg (independently!); this was based on the Selberg formula: the elementary ``core'', so to speak, of the 1949 PNT proof. This formula may also prove PNT in arithmetic progressions  \\[  \\sum_{{p\\leq x}\\atop {p\\equiv a\\pmod q}}\\log p \\sim {x\\over {\\varphi(q)}}, \\quad x\\to \\infty, \\tag{\\text{PNT-AP}}  \\]  where \\((a,q)=1\\) (indicating with \\((r,s)\\) the \\(gcd\\) of \\(r\\) and \\(s\\), i.e., the progression \\(qn+a=q+a,2q+a,\\dots\\) is non-trivial) and \\(\\varphi(q):=|\\{ 1\\leq n\\leq q, (n,q)=1\\}|\\) is Euler's function. This is equivalent to  \\[ \\pi(x;q,a)\\sim {{\\pi(x)}\\over {\\varphi(q)}},  \\]  where \\(\\pi(x):=|\\{ p\\leq x\\}|\\) and \\(\\pi(x;q,a):=|\\{p\\leq x, p\\equiv a\\pmod q\\}|\\) (again, the progression being non-trivial).  The author (in Section 3) acquaints the reader with the other new approach to the distribution of primes in arithmetic progressions; the classic approach to prove PNT-AP dates back to Dirichlet, in fact, through His \\(L\\)-functions,  \\[  L(s,\\chi):=\\sum_{n=1}^{\\infty}\\chi(n)n^{-s}  \\]  where \\(\\chi\\) is a Dirichlet character \\(\\bmod q\\), i.e. \\(\\chi(n+q)=\\chi(n)\\) and \\(\\chi(mn)=\\chi(m)\\chi(n)\\) (i.e., they are periodic mod \\(q\\) and completely multiplicative). Already Selberg's formula avoids the application of these \\(L\\)-functions properties. In \\(1970\\) Gallagher gave a ``classic'', so to speak, proof (i.e., based on Dirichlet \\(L\\)-functions) that  \\[  \\pi(x;q,a)\\sim {{\\pi(x)}\\over {\\varphi(q)}}+{{\\chi(a)}\\over {\\varphi(q)}}\\sum_{p\\leq x}\\overline{\\chi(p)},  \\]  for an ``exceptional'', say, character \\(\\chi\\), that (if exists at all!) is real, otherwise may be removed and this approximation becomes like the one above. (Hiding here the definition of a ``Siegel zero'', see 1970 paper.) Then, Elliott, in the \\(2002\\), proved the same in an elementary fashion, under a suitable technical hypothesis (a lower bound for the class-number of \\(\\mathbb Q(\\sqrt{-q})\\) that may be even proved, knowing \\(L\\)-functions zeros location).  See that the sum over \\(p\\) is large exactly when \\(\\chi\\) ``pretends'', say, to be the M\u00f6bius function, \\(\\mu\\), defined in fact to be \\(\\mu(p):=-1\\) on primes, multiplicative and \\(0\\) out of square-free numbers (i.e., \\(\\mu(n)=0\\) whenever has at least a prime-power divisor). This is the origin of the name of ``pretentious'', say a multiplicative function \\(f:\\mathbb N\\rightarrow \\mathbb C\\) with \\(|f(n)|\\leq 1\\), \\(\\forall n\\):  \\[  \\sum_{{n\\leq x}\\atop {n\\equiv a\\pmod q}}f(n)\\sim {{\\chi(a)}\\over {\\varphi(q)}}\\sum_{n\\leq x}f(n)\\overline{\\chi(n)},  \\]  for an exceptional character \\(\\chi\\) (see the paper for the exact statement), that renders the second sum large (because pretends to be this character \\(\\chi\\)!). This was only a name in the hands of Elliott (who used that in the context of the Large Sieve techniques), but the author, together with Soundararajan, has started to develop an elementary theory, in the millennium turning.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$B4C4BFB7-29C2-4CC7-9AFA-3791CB2D7177","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"4202f6a1df05c3bead42f04ddf26966b065d7ed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":467959,"id":"Q467959"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$1F3C3674-9AF6-4ECF-AF20-ED76C679383C","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"80bda0c03600433cbee31c3b78c66fedeb9f9199","datavalue":{"value":"11N05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$2C74C7ED-D659-447A-A216-EA959EDD8270","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b3c7366ba0712802ad3420b32199da186b257978","datavalue":{"value":"11N13","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$CF7D1C7C-662F-4466-B867-A016B6D70661","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"067dd3e8e57dae9cdb00a71330df035b9357faf5","datavalue":{"value":"11-02","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$ED66DF3D-ACAB-4B1C-93C4-7F39DB873F96","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"114a4a3b047135efd85b0587382a2ca86d810716","datavalue":{"value":"5853583","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$DED500BE-E032-4FBC-A606-540B988A43DC","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f02f523b4b428e7f7579606ad545328dfb4a3dcd","datavalue":{"value":"distribution of primes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$CFC4F04B-9FF4-43A2-B675-7C27CE28062C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"03d66cf005cf30bec8d0383c4ee24c02a9d45aa5","datavalue":{"value":"Riemann's memoir","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$ABB89212-573D-4092-9E34-3CE3E0D13FF6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3df77272d0dc5ae3749079aedcec7680b33aa119","datavalue":{"value":"pretentious multiplicative function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$6572D5C6-9ADA-4053-A540-3D73A646AC20","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$4AE0959C-855F-46B6-8B5A-C0B462943381","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"1aaecf0586a5cd8f5a3a688b130ea30a190b1c15","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00032-010-0122-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$93BD0B2D-46F2-48F7-A54F-EC8BDD5FA2E8","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"467557b9da943e71b8e39d71ec4a1a02be34b11d","datavalue":{"value":"W1964588522","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$008BF89E-B197-4339-BD62-A24662E82683","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a915777573da329c1fb34884fe439471d7d543eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5799955,"id":"Q5799955"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$27D8A98A-0254-450D-9606-A3CF229EFEC0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"83a0e8babf6e0b70eeff8afb1a7845cec936ce89","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3528014,"id":"Q3528014"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$FFA208DA-E44A-4AD7-8BCF-3D673214A64F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"09ea17c31fef15a7615371bae79ab9ac8708a3d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5750962,"id":"Q5750962"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$DB67E337-68B1-4CAC-B6B4-4668E1374B86","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4e60e56f427eba85575da47a16e3c72afa80bba1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":743704,"id":"Q743704"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$7ADAC36F-C63A-4289-88E1-0E714F5CF4FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0ea4c2c992577fe416a3e70ce862e4620f8ab8f9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4955875,"id":"Q4955875"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$C6F0B140-1F2E-4B76-BBDF-21352DE188AA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fa700a3b2b4bb1c55c47d9926b77ac3b492310a3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5529590,"id":"Q5529590"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$730E90D3-F5D4-444A-AF43-953D23F72718","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"17ac642855526f93b78191abfa7ae9a912071179","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3050515,"id":"Q3050515"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$47F5C164-B08B-47DD-A604-212CCDEA82C0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"53ec3079378957e603e7ec796ff8f9f22ec85777","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2506459,"id":"Q2506459"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$26350340-D3E7-4174-920F-0ECEB474FC02","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2e564269a481ad1dc43d61918298b6f505821f11","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":849252,"id":"Q849252"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$4A90AB50-763F-4243-BC26-1E0DFD5AB7B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"606a45d1c6ee9af088c9d6ac33bded5ef689b4f6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":616153,"id":"Q616153"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$9A9C66AA-5283-4A15-9F41-FDE7AF945C01","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3e35e0e1a9489b350c07884c612fea356dd8dbda","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3900124,"id":"Q3900124"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$99781842-195F-4856-847C-99C28811FEA1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5ebe22e15a1e7d3d3b829301a1a6e58b0ae8a541","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3151134,"id":"Q3151134"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$518E1B2B-A536-491E-9B3F-0B8DEAAADD34","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"aaa4d04482ec64b2c0b157fdab52724a03e12757","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4432313,"id":"Q4432313"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$4BBEC7AA-AEF2-472E-8CA9-8B183E9145B9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a69e23bbf1bba9ba125d39e6dd746903e75403bb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5792094,"id":"Q5792094"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$54B5F155-E1CE-4AEA-AFEA-C9F87F03731C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"598a77c25f5c87b072f92dca6efd4f5e473d5898","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1281442,"id":"Q1281442"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$1C810B61-C22F-430A-B8E3-F1F11C7BB97F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"28a4802a721f19c23fcc733dfee8e0b71ad1fd9f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1281443,"id":"Q1281443"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$94733194-8A5D-4243-80FC-891F5EF80E28","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3497b7b7e44ba3738543f2e0d9df7d5bc596e320","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2546903,"id":"Q2546903"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$42C292FF-D974-4DD3-82DA-40B692459216","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9a409ada10d92af4d4cd278966b5dcd216ee0450","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4773801,"id":"Q4773801"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$0B51D43A-F3A7-4C2D-A442-B5CC436482AA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4ce183707f4f53cd26cc52fb43c68b776789a837","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4092050,"id":"Q4092050"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$2418AB74-AE0D-4311-AA85-A4A8E603776A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6b32a68e0004d6275a6716f2f46ebc3ea57b8ac2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4462834,"id":"Q4462834"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$59DAD5B0-D680-41D8-9495-19E66D232609","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f36fee780c9e5daa4157dd867d458f6474dddbe7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":731202,"id":"Q731202"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$FB9FDCD7-EF73-466A-B033-E89365B4FCB8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"01bdd89f307c2571855d233e48dd7762b0ff7a9d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3135214,"id":"Q3135214"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$FDA82871-718F-4B59-9CD5-5BDC4B57B6B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4c2dbdd3a63130daf5fd002bb019d2da98681b2d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4844218,"id":"Q4844218"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$80761749-556C-4A83-A6E4-20CBE9586D72","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"53fe1043f555b3cb0d4da8f6da1cfc18929b0dff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4865987,"id":"Q4865987"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$DB50D4B6-E803-4FA2-BC09-46D53AF7264C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f4e29abc21c6426d2d91c53f506d3795b35cfcb7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3505092,"id":"Q3505092"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$7C0D2D38-6755-4DD8-A905-842F352A8BDA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"950c0378867ab8757f99e44c4dce37c6ecee5dde","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5440754,"id":"Q5440754"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$67275821-D90E-4BFD-A253-7971DBD75A38","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"616bacad967ec9e60eb2ea04343b3528bde0a316","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2642239,"id":"Q2642239"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$EA056550-92D4-462E-A209-CA6021590ADF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"61e00816d41bd2d4b67fee36c40563eba3cadf6c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2389092,"id":"Q2389092"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$C43C3005-AF26-41AF-9D84-C8D1ED3FB43C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f1b4ead93e9f79bd21a9b55bf6d4bc4a37377219","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":954810,"id":"Q954810"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$D40704D1-A8BD-44FE-B3EA-FC3BE9089895","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d6e1c04ee585194a6677dabfd91d48398b24e69c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":974077,"id":"Q974077"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$AA888968-9DD8-4045-B2EC-786FCF4E6FC8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"14363e5ad9577434729f3ee380c2508a1a1d2391","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":410107,"id":"Q410107"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$36FC9C70-0892-4630-B271-526A282930FA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cd93e6f1119ad50c9d345bda0d6966ae21c30629","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3202193,"id":"Q3202193"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$1891838E-70A0-46F5-B8D5-C0E0A5B47FD4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f4aedb1e006c4426505b06399da952d2eb6c2e4d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2759197,"id":"Q2759197"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$8E410AD2-F648-47FE-911A-99FCE458DE47","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8cf280738c5d0b8292f761f159ff23ccd9389fa1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4773770,"id":"Q4773770"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$B99B2ECC-BC58-48F0-8BD7-B4079E0F3ADF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d8f041fe2e1ca81e29adbd0cb5978f1ac464e261","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4752704,"id":"Q4752704"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$B11E435D-1ADA-4A7D-92EF-C7433B059397","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"363f9ebe6fa34d53b4dc8797709d3235b07ffe94","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3215324,"id":"Q3215324"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$FC1107D0-9611-48F1-82EF-53E71EB87853","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b73e8d3864a3a3d22a4afd31bd397550b20ed7ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3887547,"id":"Q3887547"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$92D10555-29B4-4E73-A5E8-0837BEE161C1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"30c4e94d4db8d92bc3bc1b0063e65ce7c2992f36","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4830109,"id":"Q4830109"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$321262E2-8665-40B9-BC48-94A1F869DA41","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"63f0820a041eac1b7b12e34fdad1d5a204506b4e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4103087,"id":"Q4103087"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$F0CF02B7-9840-4C99-9D0E-448D1DB82260","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2a90800ef109100c6318548ae420337193753ac4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5844339,"id":"Q5844339"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$6D88F3C6-09A4-470D-85D4-A4AA4FA7DED3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8b0a838bf7ebaad4d75a73e47000f0aa3c77ab24","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5902794,"id":"Q5902794"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$3049265B-3506-4FC6-BCE6-592EB9938956","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6ee2217ae41c8479ca98258b43d656b8f6726a7e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1119687,"id":"Q1119687"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$2BD1060D-27E8-4B84-A5A0-2D9F1AF3A08A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b165886866d28befded9f6b368feba04edf0c096","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1355089,"id":"Q1355089"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$5837C95F-E61C-4DD4-A38E-73A657C6EACC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c0e271a3252b54902905e1ccd124eac6e3c33242","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2479900,"id":"Q2479900"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$5E91180B-465B-4114-9966-A1F484D87C48","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a2332767fa8ecd8c90e9fa833f295378a950b497","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4836627,"id":"Q4836627"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$718C5EDC-DABE-4279-9321-A902BF51B7D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"96cc7a211befddc2c67e4ec237382a3af005c28c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5845915,"id":"Q5845915"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$0C4CAF4C-AF72-4B9E-BA6F-D3FDB2B3E5D7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"010497c13f87d84835eaf33088bcfb6df18f6f2c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2648387,"id":"Q2648387"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$AA0008D6-9E09-47CB-A0AC-B83A6B000992","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7d9fddd299180d36812b01584e1003f8e3f42ce3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5794728,"id":"Q5794728"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$1E7A7AB0-62EF-4CB1-8B36-C53771B6019C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ba497175db5312a295bdeeadb2cb69780f35ea24","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4108414,"id":"Q4108414"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$7B835888-E405-477B-9E1C-843B5C67F2E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b85181d849cc97fde6ad6fa93803416bd8c4b150","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":842502,"id":"Q842502"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$18D2EDD9-D7C7-4E7C-A279-435104732954","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"be05f4799428b707ea6e5f97014388c3e478f9e8","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S00032-010-0122-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q627053$39E56EAD-B249-4CAC-8E2B-10BFECED8982","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"510faa835910bb01457dfa1b392712be9398529d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2841768,"id":"Q2841768"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d71063f46cc3e8233ebbb658ffcc592426b3d3e6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8400090336799622","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q627053$AC6ADB63-6868-4ABD-9B0A-7453695B4E47","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b9f4df84db8a710bb6d5d8570f1cceb895982d59","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3135214,"id":"Q3135214"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"817939f0fa31da833f050ca6a626dfc399f282f2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8132247924804688","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q627053$815F4240-5D5B-44CE-B813-112F2AD05101","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"91b4550e0046da81ea61c0c0dfd38fc1affc1cf8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4435773,"id":"Q4435773"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"73c6a4f868d2653e3cbb67cd76098576d88d55df","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7466789484024048","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q627053$20E2F40F-0E19-4857-99EE-0B6AB3720886","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"68daffd7342d8b133868d6a63471c24f754993eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1032673,"id":"Q1032673"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2f4dbd8c28591d7e93b9372c08dc48da66950eb1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7466567754745483","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q627053$BEBE2FA1-8A23-4875-89AA-F423BCEA1519","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ff81a3d8717882cedfc3bd69f8e3710ced4926eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5021652,"id":"Q5021652"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bb799496082692164af010ecbc39b629fae26694","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7375280261039734","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q627053$74348CCC-B5C6-41AA-A851-B167300033DD","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Different approaches to the distribution of primes","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Different_approaches_to_the_distribution_of_primes"}}}}}