{"entities":{"Q631872":{"pageid":633720,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q631872","lastrevid":51207521,"modified":"2026-01-17T06:08:22Z","type":"item","id":"Q631872","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Non-monotonic iterative roots extended from characteristic intervals"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5865663"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$62D22AAE-D137-4D94-B611-18F6981575CA","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"aa9a593277c25d8c89cea6af0a8b8c135ad9e708","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Non-monotonic iterative roots extended from characteristic intervals","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$D02C7E2B-6A71-4374-BEFC-B74F9AD215B8","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"646c179a457d24f700e9a729aa587c93f59f0d54","datavalue":{"value":"1216.39028","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$F722057E-7BDD-4206-ABAC-71A541C5243C","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a640935eb7e2d1f79faa480f3e8d2cca09b002b4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":389778,"id":"Q389778"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$C17D2AA7-D5CB-4DF9-A6AD-81C90F5DE34A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0f7d485072eec113f974c2907e204e4d1c7cbe5a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":625928,"id":"Q625928"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$D7504D7C-F551-49C1-A4C7-43216A2E9297","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c5ad7b9baf8e531c6b1ad954eb5f2899cc8fe5e5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":85344,"id":"Q85344"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$DE7A42C4-86A9-4D1B-BB02-482A692BBE34","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"4f05c15c599566c03aa1303bff626bf49bc05676","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2011-03-14T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$2A9A8243-F3B4-4748-8DE9-9182CBD5306A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"55e8ee0e2245123a271d3c001b50963dffac31ec","datavalue":{"value":"The article deals with solutions \\(f(x)\\) to the functional equation \\(f^n(x) = F(x)\\), where \\(f^n(x)\\), \\(n = 0,1,2,\\dots\\), are iterates of a function \\(f(x)\\) (\\(f^0(x) = x\\), \\(f^{n+1}(x) = f(f^n(x))\\), \\(n = 0,1,2,\\dots\\)); these solutions are called iterative roots of order \\(n\\). The authors consider the case when \\(x \\in [a,b]\\) and both the known and unknown functions \\(F(x)\\) and \\(f(x)\\) are maps of \\([a,b]\\) into itself. An interior point \\(x_0 \\in [a,b]\\) is called \\textit{a monotone point} of \\(F(x)\\) if \\(F(x)\\) is strictly monotone in a neighborhood of \\(x_0\\); otherwise, \\(x_0\\) is called a \\textit{non-monotone point} or \\textit{fort} of \\(F(x)\\). A continuous map \\(F(x)\\) is called a \\textit{strictly piecewise monotone function} or \\textit{PM-function} simply if it has finitely many forts. If \\(N(F^n)\\) is the number of forts of the function \\(F^n(x)\\), \\(n = 0,1,2,\\dots\\), then there exists a minimal number \\(n\\) such that \\(N(F^n) = N(F^{n+1})\\); by definition \\(H(F) := n\\).  The article presents 5 theorems about the existence and nonexistence of continuous roots \\(f(x)\\) of different orders for PM-functions \\(F(x)\\) with \\(H(F) \\leq 1\\) and \\(N(F) \\geq 2\\). In these theorems the notion of the characteristic interval \\(K(F)\\) that is defined as a maximal sub-interval of \\([a,b]\\) which covers the range of \\(F(x)\\) and such that \\(F(x)\\) is strictly monotone on it plays an important role. Iterative roots are constructed as extensions from the characteristic interval in various modes. The statements of the theorems are illustrated by interesting graphic and numerical examples.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$EA76CD99-DA01-4C8C-A90E-2C6745A3DB47","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2b7045dfa5b20a5ae7c1d505c8649c1821e7d162","datavalue":{"value":"39B12","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$0E889E60-1B75-42CD-B65F-F9E2D68EB6A6","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"760c98285b016c9eb8d3b52b0fb4fe13ae5346fd","datavalue":{"value":"5865663","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$B2CA6440-81F5-429C-B4D6-467395BBA327","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2a1af2b106dee4dded391d242e4c01ff4c251812","datavalue":{"value":"iterative root","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$6BECBB47-5189-4CAD-85D6-2D222370BB82","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9391a1da93d9e7a1f0043a6622d1c7e970071e9c","datavalue":{"value":"characteristic interval","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$935021D4-3B45-4EDC-B3CE-2174BF30DCD7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"945b765724e7d41fef07369b7e7b15dffb1c444a","datavalue":{"value":"piece-wise monotone function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$EC34900E-732E-4378-9D82-D5582CF9653E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6a3eac5f2b4302c7142b5591477aedfa475d115b","datavalue":{"value":"graphic and numerical examples","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$8E1437C8-D86F-4D50-93CF-9E98BAB85155","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"6959830f46eaef0ca01733a66839fea3cef68a57","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":589955,"id":"Q589955"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$8E9560B0-F9AF-4D9A-8904-C99D41C0E006","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$71C827B5-B22C-407C-AA0E-84D0FB4D1782","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"6d2156d24156f846ed62c049287d7a394a7b97fd","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.01.037","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$BBE5951F-7EC3-40B7-9AF4-8A57C8E910FA","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"4c3de1fc1a82b5e683ccc5bff054446ca644b2e0","datavalue":{"value":"W2024125153","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$A423291C-3604-4120-AF48-25CF8AF169D1","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3e756975cb6722e60559888fdcbe58091a1d72b5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5931961,"id":"Q5931961"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$6F5373B6-5D5C-4E75-9E12-1699CAF691DF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6be7e02b7413337812154a509b8b75759011ac35","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3974145,"id":"Q3974145"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$7711C160-A487-4A78-88E5-A1543C0B229D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b1363b45b4875e5f0e3963ba19f2dbeff70afb04","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2647273,"id":"Q2647273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$05521E3E-F0A3-4CB3-9CAC-ECE9119545EA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a8a62dc3eb64debc6f471e7cf0cd87d04f4d7dff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":676961,"id":"Q676961"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$CA81650A-456F-4972-9847-856C7A4C5CAB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3a26d7d84d6766521836079f7d097ab22244beab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3227302,"id":"Q3227302"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$590BE229-1FDD-426F-8550-9DEC19D6B9FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"abefaabfd60147cdfee15972ff5355d3cbb2ee7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5798307,"id":"Q5798307"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$B88D43EE-AC29-4BC9-BDC0-EE1C8E161F65","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2eefd7b9fb800caa981cde0b125bf3d08f66d5f5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4655488,"id":"Q4655488"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$D914521E-34DB-432E-A1E1-099342E94326","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"86c4980d708aefd24a7d2babbe8a10895173d519","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5592596,"id":"Q5592596"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$2A623AFF-9CCB-4231-B5FF-A95622C7E7FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6d2921658bfe2c1f736fb96c7a0cdfeceb16cb95","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4548903,"id":"Q4548903"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$B1846D33-2ECB-4286-975B-52A7BFD90DA1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3f5b1631057742b97d6dedd4630e08adb04acecd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2268088,"id":"Q2268088"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$4457225E-AC67-4658-AD40-540E57AB1EF7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4b8a3c8dc312e9bc05de173ce8ebfd596fdc8c2a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2480373,"id":"Q2480373"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$EB3966FC-1A1D-49CD-95BC-447ED260C5B7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e65ff79834f97fa545d160b228275e4b108151b5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3336404,"id":"Q3336404"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$AC7164AC-3410-48C8-A6A2-5552303EF282","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6fddd1afd17f91a24514a4aaa41b764e81e03bd0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4344507,"id":"Q4344507"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$BDB7CFB3-A778-4DCF-BDF6-06B56E2EA99D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c826d7240196a0aae1154f255122244a88472be5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":990522,"id":"Q990522"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$B2782CA4-D315-4C02-9549-AC431EF40D9F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bd69e5fb1cea7888e9287e51ba44da863ae43e19","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1895203,"id":"Q1895203"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$609DC355-400B-4A42-AD79-8FDB7166016F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a818072a27942e6fd3cc844f7d8b4f7832d22239","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4816464,"id":"Q4816464"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$95C0AA25-B2F4-438F-AB82-3FB75C104930","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"21b456597097be17bd05413c9971d2be3ea0fb83","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3901916,"id":"Q3901916"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$2E294804-1A43-4942-B728-61179F230ACA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"505f07ce7b8a17ba355d5126b23d8ca1d2ba5eaa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4137551,"id":"Q4137551"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$BFDE2F07-CD19-495E-BC9A-1836CC825D97","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"984be9720c15e09d58a2ea17dcba5e6e6b492d82","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4506237,"id":"Q4506237"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$C645226E-67F1-4E4D-B0EB-DAF889C08D7E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"76038dfe7fa2a6130a8cb21891289e2b9a8f7cdd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3311052,"id":"Q3311052"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$E90D8F7F-20D5-4E20-94AA-3530BFDE4DAD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"862ea0a600f679a9209a91b12422126756468470","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4337525,"id":"Q4337525"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$075583FB-548F-4F9A-8F44-4764C76A303F","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"c0774d1143a79ccd89567ecaa185cf28a08540d2","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.JMAA.2011.01.037","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q631872$60C80B23-74D7-4CA1-BE3C-094519FE06CB","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d62b9a5f26328fcf757a046d352fdb30a1342c80","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4337525,"id":"Q4337525"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1acabf22c50d57ae7630fcdf7e6fd2b1b45aacaa","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9317222833633424","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q631872$B4E3C745-FA20-43EC-AE1D-BB1644F040DA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"65c787f9caa10833407a618cf3ba61c38c09fa7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":644200,"id":"Q644200"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1acabf22c50d57ae7630fcdf7e6fd2b1b45aacaa","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9317222833633424","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q631872$F269088E-D026-4A76-8443-A677F34CF37E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"92e2346a95b39912f7a8ba52a01ddb5d98ca515e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1703797,"id":"Q1703797"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bdd63582abf07aa4910b462f87e761842e35f2ec","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9003030061721802","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q631872$5C7D356C-E9D5-4F67-9E9F-DF7174C67387","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e3c7a75f59de48d626fbc20b96787ca2c1746776","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2480373,"id":"Q2480373"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"858f240926f445bccb784d3bd42ae2c4f1e09700","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8943027853965759","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q631872$C67D008C-F8C0-43CF-83D0-C726B5ED7EDD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a18b674d17a65432d36355863c198c5bac601e68","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2019068,"id":"Q2019068"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4733eefa0f470ea8763d854cce66d3caf6e8b11f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8853279948234558","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q631872$7382AE3A-DE32-4D25-9D9C-C53E6EEA9FF5","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:631872","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:631872"}}}}}