{"entities":{"Q648066":{"pageid":649915,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q648066","lastrevid":57124986,"modified":"2026-03-26T17:18:01Z","type":"item","id":"Q648066","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On the equivalence of quadratic APN functions"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5976098"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$242E8DE8-B4B3-4727-835A-C1871CC31B5A","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"30c5c1d0a0d5c170cd299716932c537f2fbba7a1","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On the equivalence of quadratic APN functions","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$0F09CC9C-E1C0-4647-98A4-729B154A9F0C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"4d0309e9f181f5d544519869e067c80471eb4f59","datavalue":{"value":"1250.11101","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$1659F3C7-62D4-4B6E-8C7B-0CA9CD7C56E9","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"82b3edb4d36efda102a3fdaae758ae2affe9ee07","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":413554,"id":"Q413554"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$457104B0-9642-4CCC-8F3F-4D0A23C1A6F5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"adcbe7d7cc421dc5fdcdd2db44785c73f8ac4d4a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":191943,"id":"Q191943"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$B0395671-8EC1-49A7-B013-896A5EA08F3A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"2315b98a901004ad4eb985976c68adae8464eba3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":324281,"id":"Q324281"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$0525B5A7-EADC-41A4-A185-ADAA7A0456C4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"112b5ce233b80d80e8c475adeb01191f38c85e58","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":194742,"id":"Q194742"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$F937D416-9D08-42CD-B4EB-B379C1B3EB65","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"fb34abbf39f11094509111953e4c62a22b1e3897","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":115940,"id":"Q115940"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$AB419130-B589-44EA-A074-EDCC002C1F42","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"6d06d6de084d6566994eb3940381939ab0e2877d","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2011-11-22T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$779B8E73-CFA8-4D4B-AD17-BC09C3BEB539","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"26c55a5c51b3bd07de28caac9e6d6a673d575262","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1101.1508","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$D10257F3-8385-4E93-808B-102B80EB914E","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"a9cbfb1213b951ee885d742165a0fcca8b61e586","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(L\\) be a finite field. A function \\(f: L \\rightarrow L\\) is called \\textit{almost perfect nonlinear} (APN) if the equation \\(f(x+a)-f(x)=b\\) has at most 2 solutions in \\(L\\), for all \\(a,b \\in L\\), \\(a \\neq 0\\). Two functions \\(f,g : L \\rightarrow L\\) are called \\(EA\\)-equivalent if there exist affine permutations \\(A_1\\), \\(A_2\\) and an affine map \\(A\\) such that \\(g= A_1 \\circ f \\circ A_2+A\\). Furthermore, \\(f\\), \\(g\\) are said to be CCZ-equivalent if the graph of one can be obtained from the graph of the other by an affine permutation of the product space. In this paper it is proved that a quadratic function is CCZ-equivalent to the APN Gold function \\(x^{2^r+1}\\) if and only if it is \\(EA\\)-equivalent to that Gold function. The proof relies on the study of the automorphism group of a code determines by a quadratic function. Let \\(k\\) and \\(s\\) be coprime integers, \\(b,c\\in \\mathbb{F}_{2^{2k}}\\), \\(c\\not \\in \\mathbb{F}_{2^{k}}\\), and \\(b\\) is a primitive element of \\(\\mathbb{F}_{2^{2k}}\\). Then the polynomials of the form  \\[ f_s(x) = bx^{2^s+1}+(bx^{2^s+1})^{2^k}+cx^{2^k+1} \\]  are APN functions. As an application of the main result of the paper it is proved that the above functions are CCZ inequivalent to any Gold function.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$81AE041E-F8CC-47A7-B67D-00C054E3C749","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"0c6b4cdaeea731b4d721d1e57817c51ed34c489d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":293716,"id":"Q293716"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$E59385E3-093D-49B0-A5E1-F40070FF809F","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5005488ac12471348bfecb95099a57fd4da722ac","datavalue":{"value":"11T06","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$2F597072-D16D-4E54-8D9F-602DC554F6D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"dcefd1e200eae54420c5080733f6b5a349da9f6a","datavalue":{"value":"11T71","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$F12AD80A-5122-454B-BE7B-CED52EAC8E7C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"292377916051be7ed8523a9de41751734b556659","datavalue":{"value":"12E20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$9FD82E1A-42A9-4606-88FA-0979E2F042E6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"25c8936003d39e41a9c8a541470f5aac0fe1fa32","datavalue":{"value":"20B25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$599ABEF3-EDA0-4EC5-84EF-20D14CCD53CC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c095d1505d4b373846db7ba89cc1ad77e725945f","datavalue":{"value":"94A55","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$0E602D4F-B2AC-4ABA-ADC9-816004D6E938","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"c4605b172b69ba98ff3d93d9c05e205e4bc315fc","datavalue":{"value":"5976098","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$56991D84-BF87-4D15-934B-3028CEA27D03","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b787e01387e65c499919d4bc72eebbee2f597f80","datavalue":{"value":"almost perfect nonlinear","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$D56375FB-B433-47CB-9A3B-D3E9CC92CC42","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"97d4a37b00295f135df3e28ce8d4316501f14249","datavalue":{"value":"APN","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$9F4A5FB2-411D-45DF-9BE2-1E58F5ED043B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7004ea3c45e788d894ca43ad9fb77d664ad32ef0","datavalue":{"value":"automorphism group","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$E4C72661-79AB-4169-A5AA-BACA4E85FA1C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"787f3b80f273acaaab631e126ec3ce391ad0e74c","datavalue":{"value":"CCZ-equivalence","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$27850752-1E55-4603-8B72-8822557C574B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9d47fa0888adffbe145a858e4970392739e7c2be","datavalue":{"value":"EA-equivalence","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$5D5D22A3-5EBE-4ED6-BE96-EF8757A373BD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e12d09c1003a058dcae74dcff6109985f17e3535","datavalue":{"value":"Gold function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$8980F863-2B39-42F7-B2F9-E82D0E9D2236","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$F0273675-87E6-462C-A08D-F17E331424FE","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"b576df377476931738f6e4afaa7773409a950c88","datavalue":{"value":"W2009514860","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$83CD1896-FF19-4D75-A7F8-E9568A9BD458","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e48a0ed212b60eea594bfbb6847fd491a3bb0073","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1910432,"id":"Q1910432"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$AD53771B-7ADC-4A81-B6A9-C4B934052939","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"18ee361d901dc4e61ffc50745821f910ef486b69","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":938766,"id":"Q938766"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$386D09E1-E7BF-41DF-BBE8-70E2128AF02C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f96e888048de104239b90c27b8675947bdda976a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5327067,"id":"Q5327067"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$872D9480-4C18-4177-AE01-76E7DB7E74CD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0983872b0dffc8ec12466534b8f3e5c36bc5e96c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3604834,"id":"Q3604834"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$B2AFB493-E4E2-48BA-84C9-1A9F229434D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8f6e39c0d68ade776017c76e615d34b1a3ca6347","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1273534,"id":"Q1273534"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$9442A062-0AAB-43B3-A853-DC3E301F0CA5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8f268ffdc24678cc4482761cbf87b339c73899eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4146667,"id":"Q4146667"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$46C26496-230A-4EA5-A590-312C3A48E05D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6922e04481def5430210636d02e583e8dff1f2bf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4934708,"id":"Q4934708"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$109E9064-97FA-48D4-9849-B4A6740673CB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"50dd4dc0740a49694426ef4ad247e0b8f141a91f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3941589,"id":"Q3941589"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$BB0BEB66-4DA3-430D-8DE3-35ECCA5C233E","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"e135132de9b4e7580c12824107a721db04838e75","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10623-010-9475-8","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q648066$4495D0FC-A969-4B5E-A838-5D86DFEB7372","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"93bdc0169aec5b8f5d826891f3a59c52c037799d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":345143,"id":"Q345143"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e1be945a526e03870bcf33602660a2158a830fb1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.920495629310608","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q648066$920A3C50-CD8C-4F65-BF73-DFAC7C93D271","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b94a8c48b4a5be3a405bf7fe2e7bab1a957a837c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":321981,"id":"Q321981"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"55bc5160d3cfb4884087d19daa4cf231338c39f7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9144518971443176","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q648066$64E1CA84-216C-426C-A518-13C5BC4A5EAF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"39c53c50eadc2180f71ba84473a4036312ae8fa9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2179506,"id":"Q2179506"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"045a7b384def46dc703133c1c50faf7d592c2f19","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8907135128974915","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q648066$87A662C2-C251-4288-A916-EDAB81ADE9DA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"59fcb33e856678ab477014ba7427c96ce53ca2df","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2311432,"id":"Q2311432"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7c0122b1ebfdd03a3d4ad9990340a1ebf6debcfb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8707658052444458","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q648066$5ABDBA6B-3BFC-4F3A-9668-9C72E5457AB5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7164bd6c218c271545c05c623c9a075edd1d7b76","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3604834,"id":"Q3604834"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b6403c690c7f04f9dde8a9dd15e72af3f2ff089f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8655098676681519","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q648066$89F40C2C-FFA3-4E8F-A9E1-F6C1E4B90728","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:648066","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:648066"}}}}}