{"entities":{"Q6566566":{"pageid":14177721,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q6566566","lastrevid":55702045,"modified":"2026-02-17T21:17:49Z","type":"item","id":"Q6566566","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Scattering of solutions with group invariance for the fourth-order nonlinear Schr\u00f6dinger equation"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7875589"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6566566$4C91044A-2078-41D3-B4D4-72BB2882055C","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"18640cc8539e415f961d4df7f0805f062b06eb15","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Scattering of solutions with group invariance for the fourth-order nonlinear Schr\u00f6dinger equation","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6566566$34B5AE2C-247A-45C1-9F19-5EB60A26A4F5","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"8d437332120f339451912a931aa2731b9d1557bb","datavalue":{"value":"1543.3522","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6566566$BFEF6865-1962-4D18-B6F7-3482072E4665","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5615585992f1cbae637e37247129615dd40d51d5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2325962,"id":"Q2325962"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6566566$8B5CF179-5958-4DE9-B8D9-9961BBB75AB2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9d489922af31897aa798d625f4ce9d63547987a5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":301921,"id":"Q301921"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6566566$6E1C794E-1704-4898-A244-E68C54E7915B","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"b981b620fba4d6af463b84c120f9320241e446b4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2706999,"id":"Q2706999"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6566566$20A181A7-FC91-4A8D-9971-3242E66F5E32","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"a4e5fd9088d0a28713c4508e54b99005eee6af7a","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2024-07-03T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6566566$23C7BF80-7C57-4FEC-8482-0EED9CC0FAC0","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"01cf9af96c8b3ed383e355c7d0b38d8f9cb328b1","datavalue":{"value":"The authors consider the focusing fourth-order nonlinear Schr\u00f6dinger equation\\N\\[\\N i\\partial_t u -\\Delta^2 u +\\mu\\Delta u = -|u|^{p-1}u,\\quad x\\in \\mathbb R^d,\\tag{1}\\N\\]\\Nwhere \\(\\mu\\ge 0\\) and the nonlinearity is \\(L^2\\)-supercritical and \\(\\dot H^2\\)-subcritical,\\N\\[\\N1+\\frac{8}{d}0\\), the action is defined by \\(S_\\omega(f) = E(f)+\\frac{\\omega}{2}M(f)\\), where the mass \\(M\\) and the energy \\(E\\), which are preserved by the flow of (1), are defined by\\N\\begin{align*}\\N& M(f) = \\int_{\\mathbb R^d}|f(x)|^2dx,\\\\\\N& E(f) = \\frac{1}{2}\\int_{\\mathbb R^d} |\\Delta fx)|^2dx +\\frac{\\mu}{2} \\int_{\\mathbb R^d} |\\nabla f(x)|^2dx -\\frac{1}{p+1}\\int_{\\mathbb R^d} |f(x)|^{p+1}dx.\\N\\end{align*}\\NA function \\(Q_\\omega\\) is a ground state to\\N\\[\\N\\tag{2} -\\omega\\phi-\\Delta^2\\phi+\\mu\\Delta \\phi+|\\phi|^{p-1}\\phi=0\\N\\]\\Nif\\N\\[\\NS_\\omega(Q_\\omega) = \\inf \\{S_\\omega(\\phi)\\ |\\ \\phi\\in H^2(\\mathbb R\\setminus\\{0\\},\\ \\phi\\text{ solves }(2)\\}.\\N\\]\\NThe virial functional \\(K\\) is defined by\\N\\begin{align*}\\NK(f) & = \\partial_{\\lambda =1}S_\\omega\\left( \\lambda^{d/2} f(\\lambda x)\\right) \\\\\\N& =2 \\int_{\\mathbb R^d} |\\Delta f(x)|^2dx +\\mu \\int_{\\mathbb R^d}|\\nabla f(x)|^2dx -\\frac{d(p-1)}{2(p+1)} \\int_{\\mathbb R^d} |f(x)|^{p+1}dx,\\N\\end{align*}\\Nand \\(S_\\omega(Q_\\omega) \\) satisfies\\N\\[\\NS_\\omega(Q_\\omega) = \\inf \\{S_\\omega(\\phi)\\ |\\ \\phi\\in H^2(\\mathbb R\\setminus\\{0\\},\\ K(\\phi)=0\\}.\\N\\]\\NThe conjecture stated by the authors reads as follows: If \\(u_0\\in H^2(\\mathbb R^d)\\) satisfies\\N\\[\\NS_\\omega(u_0)0\\N\\]\\Nfor some \\(\\omega>0\\), then there exists a unique global solution \\(u\\in C(\\mathbb R,H^2(\\mathbb R))\\) to (1) with initial data \\(u(0)=u_0\\). Moreover, \\(u\\) scatters forward and backward in time, in the sense that there exist \\(\\phi^\\pm\\in H^2(\\mathbb R^d)\\) such that\\N\\[\\N\\lim_{t\\to \\pm \\infty} \\|u(t) - e^{-it(\\Delta^2-\\mu\\Delta)}\\phi^\\pm\\|_{H^2}=0.\\N\\]\\NThe main result of the paper consists in proving scattering of group-invariant solutions below the ground state threshold, under the hypothesis that the threshold for group-invariant solutions is less that a certain value, whose expression requires the introduction of several other notations.\\N\\NUsing Strichartz estimates, scattering is characterized by the finiteness of \\(\\|u\\|_{X(\\mathbb R)}\\), where, for \\(I\\subset \\mathbb R\\), the scattering size is defined by\\N\\[\\N\\|u\\|_{X(I)}= \\|u\\|_{L^{q_1}_tL^r(I\\times \\mathbb R^d)},\\quad r=p+1,\\ q_1 = \\frac{4(p-1)(p+1)}{8-(d-4)(p-1)}.\\N\\]\\NFor \\(\\omega>0\\) and \\(L\\ge 0\\), define\\N\\[\\NC_\\omega(L) = \\sup\\{\\|u\\|_{X(I)},\\quad S_\\omega(u_0)\\le L,\\ K(u_0)>0\\},\\N\\]\\Nwhere \\(u\\) solves (1) on \\(I\\times \\mathbb R^d\\), with initial data \\(u_0\\in H^2(\\mathbb R^d)\\), and\\N\\[\\NL_\\omega^* = \\sup\\{L\\in [0,\\infty),\\quad C_\\omega(L)<\\infty\\}.\\N\\]\\NOne always has \\(L_\\omega^*\\le S_\\omega(Q_\\omega)\\). The above conjecture is equivalent to the identity \\(L_\\omega^* =S_\\omega(Q_\\omega)\\). The criterion for \\(G\\)-invariant solutions is defined by\\N\\[\\NC_{G,\\omega}(L) = \\sup\\{\\|u\\|_{X(I)},\\quad S_\\omega(u_0)\\le L,\\ K(u_0)>0\\},\\N\\]\\Nwhere the initial data are now restricted to \\(u_0\\in H_G^2\\). Similarly,\\N\\[\\NL_{G,\\omega}^* = \\sup\\{L\\in [0,\\infty),\\quad C_{G,\\omega}(L)<\\infty\\}.\\N\\]\\NSince \\(C_{G,\\omega}(L)\\le C_\\omega(L)\\), one always has \\(L_{G,\\omega}^* \\ge L_\\omega^*\\). The main result can then be stated more precisely: If \\(L_{G,\\omega}^*