{"entities":{"Q658369":{"pageid":660218,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q658369","lastrevid":63386220,"modified":"2026-04-11T12:31:16Z","type":"item","id":"Q658369","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Zassenhaus algebras."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5996725"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$9760B9E3-4FE2-47EA-8ABF-751032C8095D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"6152d56d259b38616a2b793e74dec9372895fabf","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Zassenhaus algebras.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$64CF134B-C964-4D79-92AC-F33B05F80E78","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"1ed0b77de41e7714cab689fda49f9992483d399a","datavalue":{"value":"1245.16015","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$2A1FBCBC-96B7-4E13-BF78-098799F2FEAB","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"bdfa15fa62a0affed81c196c2de109c9cdf958ad","datavalue":{"value":"10.1216/RMJ-2011-41-6-1793","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$13662D98-4A22-4FEF-B06A-DB7B10B4AEEE","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"b428df98f7c045a8d8efaef4c6f2978c2c8fcd16","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":658368,"id":"Q658368"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$26037D7D-BC22-446A-A8D7-EE1B53434753","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"148a89d3bfa5fbb82e837b29f3d07dbdb585e8c5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":396501,"id":"Q396501"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$8E693F99-7A9D-4369-BDF2-62094B050FBE","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"3c56016573ce7bfe3075a77ec18be101169a3439","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168778,"id":"Q168778"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$7C40C388-617C-43C7-8ECF-11B1A5D95360","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"1d825051870bac730440e37fabd5e37e0762e48d","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2012-01-12T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$8720A08D-CF2F-4624-B091-71F53F09C0F8","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"beafe94af544060381b80aeb39c8889a9cb35a60","datavalue":{"value":"If \\(R\\) is a ring and \\(\\mathcal F\\) is a family of left ideals of \\(R\\), it is very useful to consider the subring \\(\\mathrm{End}(R,\\mathcal F)\\) of \\(\\mathrm{End}(R^+)\\) which consists in all endomorphisms \\(\\varphi\\) such that \\(\\varphi(X)\\subseteq X\\) for all \\(X\\in\\mathcal F\\). If \\(\\mathcal F\\) consists of all left ideals of \\(R\\), then this subring is denoted by \\(\\widehat R\\), and it consists of all endomorphisms of the Abelian group \\(R^+\\) which leave all left ideals invariant. These subrings are very useful in the constructions of modules (Abelian groups) with the endomorphism ring isomorphic to \\(R\\), [e.g. \\textit{H. Zassenhaus} in J. Lond. Math. Soc. 42, 180-182 (1967; Zbl 0145.26405)].   The main aim of the present paper is to study \\(\\widehat R_K\\) for the case \\(R\\) is a \\(K\\)-algebra over the field \\(K\\). There are many interesting results in this paper, and we will exemplify these with few examples.   It is proved that if \\(R\\neq K\\) is a finite dimensional local \\(K\\)-algebra and \\(K\\) is infinite then \\(R\\neq\\widehat R_K\\), i.e. \\(R\\) is not a Zassenhaus algebra, but \\(\\widehat{\\widehat R}_K=\\widehat R_K\\), i.e. \\(\\widehat R_K\\) is a Zassenhaus algebra (Theorem 3). If \\(K\\) is an infinite field and \\(Q\\) is a finite quiver, then the path algebra \\(KQ\\) is a Zassenhaus algebra. The same conclusion is valid for arbitrary fields \\(K\\) if we suppose that \\(Q\\) has not loops or it is acyclic (Theorem 5). It is also proved that the operator \\(\\widehat -\\) acts in many important cases as a closure operator (Theorem 10).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$88DD9A35-1B39-4D98-A90D-A011D553B512","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"84e8df3e2051568e998411ada3208b262b896489","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590021,"id":"Q590021"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$DC12DC3E-18F6-491D-BAAC-F9F9F6D8F62D","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"46cc6f74904d93d783c1cf8007a9494ea0b980f2","datavalue":{"value":"16P10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$CDD2D621-E106-49EB-95E8-55A069B35885","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"913d3990e83d8adef69305bd4ca0e422b9869252","datavalue":{"value":"16S50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$B5688099-34E6-4766-B29C-E2F8F17BA62C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"48f73236e58d3b9eb494e5927909ad332acac144","datavalue":{"value":"16D25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$F2800B2A-D9F8-4072-8555-2F6376C5D015","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ffcaee9f831b590f5782b03e714aa97c24d0d770","datavalue":{"value":"16G20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$828D38DA-EFE9-4DC0-B69E-1C8E0960EE2E","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"e5c3eec28bf44c2270128c51c44dd177b1b14fb6","datavalue":{"value":"5996725","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$17AA24A7-0CD7-46E4-BD07-5ED400CDA5C1","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e8e9ef4011f866075f54c57faa485fcf6f46f57e","datavalue":{"value":"finite dimensional algebras","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$A0B29250-94BF-4181-B5B4-F02D4E1DA549","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"acabe05f4e9550dd184372ad41c42b915c7d21b9","datavalue":{"value":"Zassenhaus algebras","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$569C9E40-06EB-4D33-A649-596A8D3DD36F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d4aebad373e1aa76572ee633fb5f45b789cc548c","datavalue":{"value":"Leavitt path algebras","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$D389530A-0572-46D8-B93B-C5281A09B3AD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a09f04570def689715b84014013c9f3df4e02641","datavalue":{"value":"endomorphisms","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$6CA1C00B-2B02-4251-AA83-CE8157F5B5DC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e6cc5fe373c098d5b26de50992a849f2b12e7794","datavalue":{"value":"endomorphism rings","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$DE8E8A07-5D2F-4A3B-B974-46682FB1834F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"fda90620fff84119af8796efac10e61b04569772","datavalue":{"value":"families of left ideals","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$7BBD787A-A5FC-414A-9135-F11C5B698FAE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b0bdacfc00f070fa477355a17c5232246f664f3d","datavalue":{"value":"closure operators","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$FEC1C6AB-BEC0-4ED6-B857-16A9F54355F1","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$0D8D1627-49A8-4CCE-8332-77587F7D3DA7","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c080bc121aca5a5e2e3c70daf9a3209c67405e87","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":872181,"id":"Q872181"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$47D7EDCE-1953-491B-A3F4-4B52E1AF3541","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c473fe81ed84714608d1c86a0013f56cb08e837a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2480578,"id":"Q2480578"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$13A03253-8239-4C52-AFC8-CFFA495D32BB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9006a56cc5d7cc07ca492306d5a380d424d4f214","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":875081,"id":"Q875081"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$9E5261EB-9685-4733-B644-D5AD9548449E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4a740dc3254ff56e26108dea5f6ce322c2ceeea6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3182295,"id":"Q3182295"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$56EA794E-9A62-4AB8-A504-3F6363B3A393","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e86987a3911291c16caa49038d746db4f0eb5f23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5537724,"id":"Q5537724"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$19D19267-A6B1-4C82-83CC-2F769CCA32D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bb1aa81f7fb63890fd014bb935b4760f96284f87","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3441437,"id":"Q3441437"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$C950C790-E090-4897-9C88-9AA048F4784A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f3631d8a618748836b089d8c7febcd43c4fcecb1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5522269,"id":"Q5522269"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$28A3C23E-1903-42A4-B2D9-1BD1B42E15CF","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"5f4f9e2bc85cdc49418a5d35fa5dec90cca7ae88","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1216/rmj-2011-41-6-1793","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$9FA1338B-12B6-4A42-81D8-38604B233A1C","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"7593f56b66936b072febc821d2e6c326b158c785","datavalue":{"value":"W4244939238","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q658369$E95E415E-AB6B-448D-BD3A-9C46C935BCF3","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b4998fd0ec0f0d2116a831bbebf6b78566c7ad82","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3514758,"id":"Q3514758"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5169b17a5734c9711fb9831aef67924c9826e2f9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8180481195449829","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q658369$BCE0EA94-B6B1-4115-B45E-8FFDCDB6E578","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"630306e07e823fd5f7580320f6af45bf32a1b5d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3441437,"id":"Q3441437"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"71297f86953e81e86366569ecf0bd94e4ca51a3a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8164466023445129","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q658369$35B62E40-E393-4670-AD0A-A9F6E0F41F4C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"be276ce47c34c609c4b0cbbbca22fe5678189161","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3182295,"id":"Q3182295"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"70fff8d192c946af8d561eddb15bf347c6502b9a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8153085708618164","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q658369$7772D9D9-F0BA-4A07-BF12-3F45D3C2DC3F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a172ea681d283917ec60ac01aa549f81d8f11842","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5962979,"id":"Q5962979"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"276ac8d380609aac8cac82f815c1338ce1abc73d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8043106198310852","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q658369$5D99385E-B26F-4942-9621-C43E2C18B5C1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"95cf216d3783d81b91177a319983d8888d7b729a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5944206,"id":"Q5944206"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d6c15b59cdd403b4453d39bcf0f5aca88ff148f6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8041902184486389","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q658369$81F574D3-7241-44F2-9ADB-A1604843C250","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Zassenhaus algebras.","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Zassenhaus_algebras."}}}}}