{"entities":{"Q667712":{"pageid":669561,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q667712","lastrevid":63647286,"modified":"2026-04-11T14:35:28Z","type":"item","id":"Q667712","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Group algebras whose units satisfy a Laurent polynomial identity"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7031424"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$F62D32E0-EA5C-44E8-941C-94EA5B5E0DC1","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"e73f3f998f47f04bed0510b9bff7e09a9ae0327b","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Group algebras whose units satisfy a Laurent polynomial identity","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$A0C5C0D7-6E2C-495A-A0E5-4BEFB6F0EE9E","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"0bf7db6f382937e79f6d63b8223ec750ff35156c","datavalue":{"value":"1425.16016","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$FEFEB16E-6AB5-4704-8842-ABD4D6CB337B","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"b50ee42bb9dba7244e32cfbb62e5068dbbe9fd8c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":303817,"id":"Q303817"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$999ADF1C-9930-4DF7-9D83-7B9420AB3F35","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a3d1d4119664660308225b7b41bdcf9bf22b170e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":332619,"id":"Q332619"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$77083663-965D-478E-9B49-1D6E4A3213FC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"54c17ef1a593ad7e6b20baf286348cc34d0e34bf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":198977,"id":"Q198977"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$88593E18-2202-4A9F-9663-D6284AA4D733","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"db22232807c795272dc3a83fabf3be514df44f25","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166039,"id":"Q166039"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$6F0B722C-A0F6-4A99-A680-4814B0898740","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"4a5a661a693c3f6fc359d51c6c11db62a6dd0bc7","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$053D04B5-80E0-4628-84EC-54D3E4B8D42A","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"adc9ec2bf9ee9bf577cc63d9bfdfd4606a3008ce","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.04849","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$72CF1F0E-DCD1-414D-AB9C-1F353D18DF35","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"4d220fcafb75ff8b31e977dee34355a32bdcdc00","datavalue":{"value":"Everywhere in this paper $G$ is a torsion group and $KG$ be the group algebra of $G$ over a field $K$. Let $A$ be an algebra over a field $K$ and let $U(A)$ denote the group of the units of $A$. Let $K[X_1,X_2,\\dots]$ be the algebra over $K$ of the polynomials with coefficients in $K$ in countably many non-commuting variables. A nonzero element $f\\in K[X_1,X_2, \\dots]$ is called a polynomial identity or a PI if $f(a_1, a_2,\\dots) = 0$ for every $a_1, a_2,\\dots \\in A$. The algebra $A$ is called a PI or a PI algebra, if it has some non-zero polynomial over $K$ which is a PI for $A$. \\par Let $K[X_1^{\\pm},X_2^{\\pm},\\dots]$ be the $K$-algebra of Laurent polynomials with coefficients in $K$ in countably many non-commuting variables. \\par A nonzero element $f$ of the $K$-algebra of the Laurent polynomials is called a Laurent polynomial identity (LPI, for short) if $f(u_1, u_2,\\dots) = 0$ for every $u_1, u_2,\\dots \\in U(A)$. The authors say, that $U(A)$ satisfies a Laurent polynomial identity (LPI) if some non-zero Laurent polynomial is an LPI of $U(A)$. \\par Let $KG$ be the group algebra of $G$ over a field $K$. \\par In the 1980's Brian Hartley conjectured that if $U(KG)$ satisfies a group identity, then the group algebra $KG$ satisfies a polynomial identity [\\textit{C.-H. Liu}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 127, No. 2, 327--336 (1999; Zbl 0915.16027)]. Several partial results of many authors confirm this conjecture. It was finally proved by Liu [loc. cit.]. \\par Let $F=K[\\alpha,\\beta:{\\alpha}^2={\\beta}^2=0]$ be the relative free algebra in the non commuting variables $\\alpha$ and $\\beta$. \\par The authors prove the following results. \\par Theorem 1.1. If $U(KG)$ satisfies an LPI which is not an LPI of $U(F)$, then $KG$ satisfies a PI. \\par Theorem 1.1 extends Hartley's conjecture. \\par Theorem 1.2. If $U(KG)$ satisfies an LPI whose support has at most three elements, then $KG$ satisfies a PI. \\par The authors introduce the following conventions. ``Let $g$ be a polynomial in one variable with coefficients in $K$. We say that a $K$-algebra $A$ has property $P_1$ with respect to $g$ if $g(ab) = 0$ for every $a, b \\in A$, with $a^2 = 0 = b^2$. We say that a Laurent polynomial $f$ over $K$ has property $P$ if every $K$-algebra $A$, for which $f$ is an LPI of $U(A)$, has property $P_1$ with respect to some non-zero polynomial.'' \\par In the paper, the following additional statements are proved. \\par Theorem 1.5. If $U(KG)$ satisfies an LPI which has property $P$, then $KG$ satisfies a PI. \\par Proposition 1.6. Every non-zero LPI of $U(F)$ has a support with at least four elements.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$C3CB5BCE-5E7F-4778-9B60-C6106787B147","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"78561816a36336f990925c0d7d4e291f6baa24cd","datavalue":{"value":"16S34","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$B1DEA37F-41E3-42C6-9078-951E6239447D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"56f6cb78b8b768b93c9cf2d5633d372df4b15dd5","datavalue":{"value":"16R50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$1C447479-34EE-4526-A5BA-5512244910B0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b3cf8d87fc66896440a956ca5cbc60cbc3249981","datavalue":{"value":"16R99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$7E4832B3-BD40-4942-8982-06C786FFCE63","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"26cd178b1f2188e0ba3bbd86f749529783a7f76d","datavalue":{"value":"7031424","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$960BDECC-E1E4-40AC-8641-E3AA67F837BC","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0c1428a27ec5a387810adbd59a003075fca44010","datavalue":{"value":"group rings","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$BB4D59FF-77AD-4554-9DBF-9B900F77A41B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4a5a7ce68a4a75ed310cc2e9608c444a76cfe15b","datavalue":{"value":"polynomial identities","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$3F73C90C-A143-4EB7-99E4-23A065B4DEB4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"16369b90412425feffd92532a984d8b9df953d0b","datavalue":{"value":"Laurent identities","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$9C698D76-FE08-48AE-A54E-A538E4B41C23","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"df1ee8935c6e2e5974066c737dd2d3ee8e355ce3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":171316,"id":"Q171316"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$98DB86DB-060A-4553-AA2D-D5DF2C6B21A0","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"914fedbde3573250f77dafe95cd091e6313f3f67","datavalue":{"value":"Q111288309","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$7BB9D410-2B67-432F-B5E3-CB0C1C13802B","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$28704AD2-829C-4504-8477-563E93D83688","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"d55289c6b10a92acf2d6e9f508680daf4ce6aa0a","datavalue":{"value":"W2963409585","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$7A0C7F10-A583-4029-BA72-4FE000DE55A2","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"564b62abf7a106de838bc70224868dee87f7fe81","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1337752,"id":"Q1337752"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$4CF0425D-5462-47F0-96E2-71C1AFC2EF78","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"322baea7efbb9e031a0220d43a26bdd4a1a08c3e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4332992,"id":"Q4332992"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$0F8B5350-0C12-4003-8BC9-82D76E25857B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"143ea05c9f207b1f629f56e18936b25a1b7e7721","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1193271,"id":"Q1193271"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$31C2D3E2-3644-441F-906E-93F6F26DF51B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"552e1e6e89876b66990bbd10e6e3ce7c3484a013","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4370008,"id":"Q4370008"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$715EEB1B-E7CD-4B96-85CA-56BC99695A7E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"15984069f865828486997f0ff20be314d21684a0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3013888,"id":"Q3013888"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$294860AD-5C47-4725-B722-89F0859FF2A0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"95020c086cb0a810233dfc5d9548c5e8b524ed24","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5328214,"id":"Q5328214"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$1AE29D87-6DF4-4D76-8E3A-D33DBAFFEF2A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c03d3ebc0b62792841967436c9c857221c36a7ef","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4219124,"id":"Q4219124"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$5E4FF532-A4B1-45B6-B66C-B3C666AFD7DE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"651f382b999370e832c453e64b5cc0f4002f8bb7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1103033,"id":"Q1103033"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$F24D24E5-31B5-4D31-9852-39EAAFB5D518","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e6310ed42a08860f64f2b6efc76a53d9b010516b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3127282,"id":"Q3127282"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$C7D6F3BF-EC3C-48F7-8B64-8F1CA8377AD6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d8155262caaaa609fd3e5ac4795a29b56cb4d3d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2549004,"id":"Q2549004"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$61B94853-474E-46B4-8267-1B4F127F07E2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3492edf29bcb43d08769a7ba313e97036fb9649c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4145843,"id":"Q4145843"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$18AFC372-569B-4924-980A-EE0B6C8C7F71","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3b339d2337ff1dbeb4775a8f3a84d4ae20584798","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1355547,"id":"Q1355547"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$772115E7-F2F9-49D2-9F52-BBB14D685288","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"cf8662e3a3a570255b82c56e5e08a8b7c404c14d","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S00013-018-1223-8","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q667712$13296F6E-2A70-431D-AE2B-5D3C485AF418","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a532d9de56506f92c275630e3c5f9aef2852bff0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2052363,"id":"Q2052363"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"80278b50c8454691b6e727078c08cad21c529ad6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9296579957008362","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q667712$B57391FC-162A-4D9F-9C71-921348C93548","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"102e3669c6d50500a2b93b91198da12e7b64bb04","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4332992,"id":"Q4332992"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5807c25644a4ddfd387f8662778b1a02635195bd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8955643177032471","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q667712$FF78664C-3CA2-45AD-ACD4-CCBB95EA48BC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"76b601cdad712d2fdd5647a78ad2b266cfbfd7f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4219124,"id":"Q4219124"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5807c25644a4ddfd387f8662778b1a02635195bd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8955643177032471","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q667712$0A07EEED-6DC3-4960-BCAC-7820718962ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"67f3ba221efdb3861b4bf1d6ad1cc0343b65cecf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5072711,"id":"Q5072711"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8f2b633a3d338a93e692f3ebd0c2d26eefb990e4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8894370794296265","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q667712$04066326-5BB0-4670-B27E-830F2711C4CE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"59dd4bcf1f17f2e11a7e70cd9c473830666496ff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2766450,"id":"Q2766450"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3e377639a1c5651ba2c091b82b31fb36bca5376e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.866737425327301","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q667712$C7F23F5C-97A7-4743-B5E1-279AC604F546","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Group algebras whose units satisfy a Laurent polynomial identity","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Group_algebras_whose_units_satisfy_a_Laurent_polynomial_identity"}}}}}