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The first section is entitled ``Differential Galois theory''. The authors use the results of Kaplansky (1976), Kolchin (1948) and \\textit{M. F. Singer} [J. Symb. Comput. 10, 59--94 (1990; Zbl 0727.12011)]. A differential field \\((k,\\delta)\\) is a field \\(k\\) together with a derivation \\(\\delta\\) on \\(k\\). A differential field extension of \\((k,\\delta)\\) is a differential field \\((K,\\Delta)\\). The differential Galois group \\({\\mathcal G} (K/k)\\) of a differential field extension \\(K\\) of \\(k\\) is the set of \\(k\\)-automorphisms of \\(K\\) which commute with the derivative of \\(K\\). A differential field extension \\((K,\\Delta)\\) of \\((k,\\delta)\\) which is called a Liouvillian extension is also presented. For \\(k=C(x)\\) and a differential equation \\(L(y)=0\\) with coefficients in \\(k\\), an algorithm is given to compute:   (i) a rational solution, see \\textit{M. Bronstein} [J. Symb. Comput. 13, 413--439 (1992; Zbl 0752.34009)], \\textit{M. F. Singer} [J. Symb. Comput. 11, 251--273 (1991; Zbl 0776.12002)];   (ii) algebraic solutions of the third equation \\(L(y)=0\\) is given in Jordan (1878), a general algorithm was given by \\textit{M. F. Singer} [Queen's Pap. Pure Appl. Math. 54, 379--420 (1980; Zbl 0453.12010)];   (iii) a Liouvillian solution of a second order equation is given in \\textit{J. Kovacic} [J. Symb. Comput. 2, 3--43 (1986; Zbl 0603.68035)]. The third order case is studied in \\textit{M. F. Singer} and \\textit{F. Ulmer} [J. Symb. Comput. 16, 37--73 (1993; Zbl 0802.12005)]. In the next paragraph the authors present differential Galois groups.   The second section treats the algebraic solutions of Riccati and semi-invariants. In the third section the authors assume that \\(L(y)\\) is a second order equation with \\({\\mathcal G} (L) \\subseteq \\mathrm{SL}(2,\\mathbb C)\\). The fourth section deals with the rationality problem. For others details see the authors' 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