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The universal linear group \\(G_{ul}\\) of \\({\\mathfrak g}\\) is defined as the analytic subgroup corresponding to \\({\\mathfrak g}\\) of the simple connected complex Lie group whose Lie algebra is the complexification of \\({\\mathfrak g}\\). Let \\(\\sigma\\) be an involution of \\({\\mathfrak g}\\). Denote by \\({\\mathfrak g}^\\sigma\\) (resp., \\(G^\\sigma_{ul})\\) the \\(\\sigma\\)-invariant subalgebra of \\({\\mathfrak g}\\) (resp., subgroup of \\(G_{ul}) \\). Then using the classification of the restricted root system of the symmetric pair \\(({\\mathfrak g}, {\\mathfrak g}^\\sigma)\\), the author proves that, for a simple Lie algebra \\({\\mathfrak g}\\) of exceptional type, the fundamental group \\(\\pi_1(G_{ul}/G_{ul}^\\sigma)\\) of the semisimple symmetric space \\(G_{ul}/G^\\sigma_{ul}\\) is isomorphic to 1, \\(\\mathbb{Z}_2\\) or \\(\\mathbb{Z}\\). The details of calculation are summarized in four tables. In Part I of this paper [Representation of Lie groups, Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 14, 519-529 (1988; Zbl 0723.22021)] the fundamental group \\(\\pi_1 (G/G^\\sigma)\\) was determined for the adjoint group \\(G\\) of \\({\\mathfrak g}\\). In almost all cases the fundamental group \\(\\pi_1(G/G^\\sigma)\\) coincides with \\(\\pi_1 (G_{ul}/G^\\sigma_{ul})\\). 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