{"entities":{"Q679319":{"pageid":681168,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q679319","lastrevid":63433029,"modified":"2026-04-11T13:06:52Z","type":"item","id":"Q679319","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A decomposition of smooth simply-connected \\(h\\)-cobordant 4-manifolds"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1002398"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$2B4DF5AE-3282-405F-BAD5-080D5C5048ED","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"7c88fdbc368286ac7398b2bd45e91932bbec141a","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A decomposition of smooth simply-connected \\(h\\)-cobordant 4-manifolds","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$31D7FCAF-B45A-43F4-9457-B5DA80834BF0","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"39045683776ea514316fb06658af375ea2460dad","datavalue":{"value":"0885.57016","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$89D8588C-7952-4A5E-B21D-9153CB0BF685","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"33075497992c7b00cbed0c3ce471beb5f6082d57","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":240580,"id":"Q240580"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$9371CBCC-3C2C-457E-9A04-D01EFE6E60CE","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"e2b9e5433934744776676f83620c488e28cd2a60","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1998-04-05T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$3DF5CA1A-2AC3-4093-A169-56D7EB624366","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"80a98a1eabd11f735354faa396c6c800ce257ba7","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/dg-ga/9505001","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$A95661B1-C750-4244-AA82-35813A58283A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"c30018aefc385256e0cc0e33cef81c130f43cf21","datavalue":{"value":"Motivated by an example of \\textit{S. Akbulut} [J. Differ. Geom. 33, No. 2, 335-356 (1991; Zbl 0839.57015)], where he gives an example of two \\(h\\)-cobordant but non-diffeomorphic 4-manifolds \\(M,N,\\) where \\(N\\) is formed from \\(M\\) by cutting out a contractible submanifold and regluing it via a nontrivial involution of the boundary, the author gives the following decomposition theorem for h-cobordant simply connected smooth 4-manifolds: Let \\(U\\) be a smooth 5-dimensional simply-connected h-cobordism with \\(\\partial U = M_1 \\cup (-M_2).\\) Let \\(f: M_1 \\to M_2\\) be the homotopy equivalence induced by \\(U.\\) Then the following hold: (1) There are decompositions \\(M_1 = M \\#_\\Sigma W_1, M_2 = M \\#_\\Sigma W_2 \\) such that \\(in_{2*} \\circ in_{1*}^{-1} = f_*: H_2(M_1) \\to H_2(M_2).\\) Here \\(in_{1*}, in_{2*}\\) are the maps induced in the second homology by embeddings of \\(M\\) into \\(M_1\\) and \\(M_2\\) respectively, and \\(W_1,W_2\\) are smooth, compact, contractible 4-manifolds and \\(\\Sigma = \\partial W_1 = \\partial W_2 = \\partial M;\\) (2) These decompositions may be chosen so that \\(W_1\\) is diffeomorphic to \\(W_2.\\) The proof also shows that the whole cobordism can be decomposed into subcobordisms, one of which is a product cobordism and the other of which is diffeomorphic to \\(D^5\\) as a smooth manifold. The techniques involve handle manipulations and Kirby calculus. The main result, with slightly different refinements, was also proved independently by \\textit{C. L. Curtis} and \\textit{W. C. Hsiang} and simplified and refined with contributions from \\textit{M. H. Freedman} and \\textit{R. Stong}; this work was published jointly in [Invent. Math. 123, No. 2, 343-348 (1996; Zbl 0843.57020)]. One of their refinements was to show that one could choose \\(M\\) to be simply connected. Further refinements and an exposition of the problem were provided by \\textit{R. Kirby} [Turk. J. Math. 20, No. 1, 85-93 (1996; Zbl 0868.57031)]. One of the additional refinements discussed there (and attributed to the paper under review) is that \\(W_1\\) is diffeomorphic to \\(W_2\\) via a diffeomorphism which is an involution on the boundary, as in Akbulut's original example. In particular, these imply that any smooth homotopy 4-sphere arises by cutting out a contractible 4-manifold from \\(S^4\\) and gluing it back by an involution of the boundary. Kirby also notes the delicate nature of the non-trivial h-cobordisms between contractible manifolds constructed this way in that they can be trivialized by adding \\(W_1 \\times I\\) along \\(\\partial W_1 \\times I.\\)","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$2B28518E-15B1-4027-96CB-D829374D1FD1","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1e9c0c5c35d662b3104b154f7c6523d394dbb3a7","datavalue":{"value":"57R80","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$D39B537F-4C9C-418D-BE94-FB0C8E7D5088","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d129fa00ca7b6da5f6538270052a4f1b3a2f30d9","datavalue":{"value":"57N13","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$63FB560B-735A-4FA2-B3A7-54B48D74F242","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"eba4002bd4d14cb6dde28a074cc41741b2aad615","datavalue":{"value":"1002398","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$BC31F870-B751-46FF-BC8D-F159D888CD2A","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c4ef7e42deaf094386699219a7797259ab7b222e","datavalue":{"value":"four-manifolds","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$D0943849-4643-4FEE-9562-3F3BCC62E137","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"66f670253f0be86f7a64c1f5ad496ea28e446983","datavalue":{"value":"\\(h\\)-cobordism","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$8D1BD4C8-C65D-4B67-9C4B-C430EF320D48","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f00fdb2c6504b20507ff13c9ecd0e12df38857d3","datavalue":{"value":"exotic smooth structure","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$A864DB53-9A88-4074-8190-C86CBFDD85E8","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"fe0b1e6b3551f33a7b71d880cec962b08401af67","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1592493,"id":"Q1592493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$885C1F53-D102-48E3-9A39-1035174AFEC0","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"225fc1c8760b88fdb08e4702a2081f6cea135c6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":578657,"id":"Q578657"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$46B5C326-BBA5-4BCE-9B8A-358FBC6C32FB","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$142BCCAA-479C-40B4-8F1E-B9DD2091D747","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"3583b3d98849db8d4a8c217c91387491d47abfc6","datavalue":{"value":"W1503420323","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$32AAB339-22F9-4303-AD0E-AC84ACFBA0B6","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"4406a4ee073e597a898d9a839ba4e21d8984d2de","datavalue":{"value":"Q115176276","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$F57F0746-A366-431F-912C-F7EE9DE7B1E0","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"9fbbecf8dff276cdbc1928f599f553179b73004b","datavalue":{"value":"10.4310/JDG/1214459222","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q679319$7AC4E13B-A90B-4324-82C4-8778020FE414","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6eda02af87e7d95630590778dfcc30b7379d96fa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1909577,"id":"Q1909577"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"51bf4efae7857ec73d2b3398061752d46527cc0d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9003218412399292","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q679319$D891289E-6DC4-4C90-A892-8DD6DFC8D475","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"469bcc9058fd2451c66fd2e480dae5ddc153b4ee","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5687874,"id":"Q5687874"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"57bb0cb316553a5699e66f0e3e0da100a6378c99","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8757816553115845","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q679319$F1A0599C-2B3A-460F-BA9B-D162B98092D6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"60539c2a102bd246b2eb331f8bd6e218f2beddac","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1106516,"id":"Q1106516"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bac2975ab79717a252e3cbe8e6bf8abe1841c879","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8095307350158691","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q679319$1FBAC60B-D62E-47E3-84C1-C799017359FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"605d987e6c2dd91811f8b832bd77a6a67f76869f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4866503,"id":"Q4866503"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8aef608684b9c6de18f67b8b99136b2c4e597d88","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7981420755386353","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q679319$E8DDE5D0-BCA2-4DA5-86AB-D1083043B2ED","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"A decomposition of smooth simply-connected \\(h\\)-cobordant 4-manifolds","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/A_decomposition_of_smooth_simply-connected_%5C(h%5C)-cobordant_4-manifolds"}}}}}