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In particular, the paper studies transformations of words over a finite alphabet induced by left quasigroups. Two types of bijective word transformations are introduced, together with their explicit inverses and it is shown that arbitrary compositions of such transformations remain invertible. Furthermore, a Mal'tsev term is constructed, congruences are characterized and it is proved that all congruence classes have equal cardinality. In the second part, polynomial completeness of finite left quasigroups with a right identity element is characterized by simplicity and non-affinity. As a consequence, sufficient conditions for polynomial completeness are derived and explicit examples of small polynomially complete left quasigroups are 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