{"entities":{"Q688444":{"pageid":690293,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q688444","lastrevid":63494202,"modified":"2026-04-11T13:32:59Z","type":"item","id":"Q688444","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Unity properties and sequences of states, some observations"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 444832"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$D61946F8-E221-4336-8A24-331D86160035","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"f9e3c87ac4a9342a1b36ac5e4d1780fe07014404","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Unity properties and sequences of states, some observations","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$50889123-7993-4046-AEB9-EFCD363A3079","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"aa1bbf20cec4ed38de6548bf66eb72318d527fa3","datavalue":{"value":"0783.68082","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$E8517EDC-0011-4E7A-85BB-C50651597B14","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"6cad8dd654422d1f7c0abffec2d895cb4ec2bcb0","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0020-0190(93)90077-M","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$E55EBC8D-AF21-416A-999A-290FDB9C9AAF","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"86768e77cc03b2ccecf54e7002f7d98e8a6d83f1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":688443,"id":"Q688443"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$E75A350B-EF59-4517-9FCE-C2FA42AE351D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a2c84243db84b9ad11e29e4f07f7d5740f9c0b8a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":671990,"id":"Q671990"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$3F32E3F2-7756-4581-9858-917AF247F229","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"52fa7d44b58d0511cb8993765bd916aef86052d8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":63092,"id":"Q63092"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$45D53AFD-27FC-4288-84B6-33668A366120","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"f5d5d80124618b4b849ae8887ce170d373033db8","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1994-03-20T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$6FD72F5D-B1DD-4DA6-9F2A-E827188013EC","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"01849b2f1ffa6f05e7e3596877cb0f2e709b7df7","datavalue":{"value":"We examine the expressive power of Unity properties in relation to execution sequences of Unity programs. One might expect that if two programs have the same unless and leadsto properties, then they have the same execution sequences. We show that this is not true. We examine whether this difference vanishes if we adopt a stronger notion of fairness, or use ensures properties instead of leadsto properties (possibly adopting a stronger fairness notion also). We show by a simple example that both approaches are not successful. Hence, properties are not expressive enough to characterize execution sequences, and it is not clear what execution model corresponds to Unity properties. As a consequence, the notion of property preserving program refinement differs from the notion of decreasing nondeterminism.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$D4657B3C-0DB5-45AE-A6D2-436AFCCC0EAC","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7cfff2e3b7f009b69ae82e4aa296ae1902bd02ff","datavalue":{"value":"68Q60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$1016EF55-FB8B-4F41-8579-6B1DB647D67A","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"fc254f855db54b60e014bbab153916286b72ce4d","datavalue":{"value":"444832","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$A43406F7-6844-428D-AC79-3047E3EBA066","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"47511de611e7ca7c7f052290389ebfdae4c32892","datavalue":{"value":"specification","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$877D9B73-4F8C-4D02-B572-B94530D09DA2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"57fa0c19977d58caaa34c54bdd121a931cf67a5f","datavalue":{"value":"unity","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$14FFB2F3-67A3-4BBB-A5DE-99A7ABAFE9E6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"66824d9cf653f7dee3c76f98a8ea1aa06432fa7c","datavalue":{"value":"verification","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$6ECB217A-7441-41DB-A094-A5996F757A3F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6a49d2691740729e2dd9c1c611233c1d06693479","datavalue":{"value":"stepwise refinement","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$3386EAB5-91CB-4EFC-9EBB-DAD88E19E3B4","rank":"normal"}],"P1463":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1463","hash":"17cfe6afe68a54e81dc559ef2cd5a702765207b0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":25375,"id":"Q25375"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$BD88EB92-C5B7-4F76-A5E6-C4020078C8D2","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$BDCD36CA-CE7C-44A0-BAFC-76B5F2FC2E1E","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"090e4b104dd3f76f7e7cbd674cb41b2227a87ff1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4692502,"id":"Q4692502"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$A05C77C3-7381-4BE7-A357-F2E8DCC0AEF8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bd265bdbcf41f2b9982b655d7aaf44e4072217fa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4692630,"id":"Q4692630"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$1F2AF621-C29B-416B-AE18-58C80A44B2E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cade888a058af6dde8bfc6861552d10e5afbac24","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1186571,"id":"Q1186571"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$40834C0F-1262-49D9-94D6-43F95F6BC026","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e366d5644cf73f991ab4a7fdb65554d5859336d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":688444,"id":"Q688444"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$C5085E12-4BA9-4E83-B1BB-9FD873F3A106","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"2dd610c182a7c44119a64529b667b61aaceb38d2","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(93)90077-m","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$EE580B44-702C-4084-B36A-C2D0B6EABDD8","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"a894b717dad478b40b9aa00a2adf66af847b7a24","datavalue":{"value":"W1997091981","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q688444$1C51703F-AFB0-4A80-9A6A-53687867834C","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"53a506a732087cff0796b7307609577c09fa348b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":673960,"id":"Q673960"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"667d6e08714591cca3c5dd67526e678254a7da0a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7616833448410034","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q688444$AA833BA8-E7B0-4845-9B34-CE61EDD773CC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f72d9491e3e25286579578773354e0969c18f68c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1903074,"id":"Q1903074"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0d9e4f16b64bbd0fc387000741d70bf9f17b0f05","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7119260430335999","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q688444$22DC4A2C-CBE6-4301-812A-80A59DAC0B03","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"99d2985847771c188b93a0bf7bcfe82479a6a75a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1386404,"id":"Q1386404"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0207a18be077d95c83598f8bc725f73c868bce73","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7091227769851685","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q688444$98EFD26C-F01B-49C8-96DE-CE68F0FD1A15","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"735bbe7e0880ba2c1e3d520ca9e6d4d1d2d72925","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2026375,"id":"Q2026375"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1c3a873e9999473e727d594383def031498b5006","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7013111114501953","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q688444$E12AAA87-0303-46A1-AB60-648F4AF09BB4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e657a2c615d02625c01177cc2cc72134f2c24dec","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346603,"id":"Q1346603"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"de1da765f40d62e8158538b3757a53ad000d225e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6938133239746094","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q688444$B4F219C8-BD13-429C-A63C-DA558246C175","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Unity properties and sequences of states, some observations","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Unity_properties_and_sequences_of_states,_some_observations"}}}}}