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This approach represents an alternative to absorbing boundary conditions. The authors derive PML techniques in two cases. First, Maxwell's equations are examined, where a complex coordinate stretching is applied. Second, a wave equation of second order is considered using an envelope model. In each case, the authors apply an explicit finite difference method to compute a numerical solution on grids in the space-time domain. The computations involve complex numbers in both cases. The PMLs are constructed for Cartesian coordinates as well as cylindrical coordinates.\\N\\NThe authors implemented their methods in the particle-in-cell (PIC) code Smilei, see [\\textit{J. Derouillat} et al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 222, 351--373 (2018; Zbl 07693056)]. The implementation is freely available as open source code. The authors present results of numerical computations, where the test examples describe a laser-plasma interaction in two space dimensions. 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