{"entities":{"Q6943836":{"pageid":21166602,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q6943836","lastrevid":84096803,"modified":"2026-05-09T23:24:34Z","type":"item","id":"Q6943836","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The 2-complexity of even positive integers"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 8079140"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$61E0131F-F6AB-42AC-8247-216F8AC850E1","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"b4c26fd9b8d4ff828806ea38d666ba61f5469e48","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The 2-complexity of even positive integers","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$7F77162C-B36A-4A7A-AEEF-8EDF11325F5E","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"24d8a6712c24dec2bf8f662319d65e202135e22f","datavalue":{"value":"1572.11017","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$88BF8C3D-5E1C-4E39-87FB-63FC9B28DD21","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"7c2165af9040763246d3fcf3ae9794e1fbec5194","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1617003,"id":"Q1617003"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$D551CF83-6ECF-4903-AE0E-F983D7285254","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7156ae6288d1cd7ff602ff259046eb2abb40ec71","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2882724,"id":"Q2882724"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$D653B86B-5860-4672-B16B-C321F90C2E40","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"3c757b9b7db25e8670dea572b24907796ea9667b","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$9A7B39BD-2154-4716-80EA-67CB1646D43B","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"052057e908a39ef8a2bfef6131a2a24e82e03107","datavalue":{"value":"https://math.colgate.edu/~integers/y109/y109.pdf","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$CB3FA51C-3F29-4EF9-9567-EF60C34B1926","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"50b871a1f397983f911ec1f8088e68104d9c6769","datavalue":{"value":"The integer complexity of a positive integer \\(n\\) is the minimum number of 1's needed to write \\(n\\) as a product or sum of 1's without regard to the number of parentheses, and is written as \\(||n||\\). For example, the equation \\N\\[\\N6 = (1+1)(1+1+1)\\N\\]\\Nshows that \\(||6|| \\leq 5\\), and it is not hard to show that in fact \\(|6|=5\\). This notion of integer complexity was originally introduced by \\textit{K. Mahler} and \\textit{J. Popken} [Nieuw Arch. Wiskd., III. Ser. 1, 1--15 (1953; Zbl 0051.00709)].\\N\\NAn old open problem is whether \\N\\[\\N||2^a 3^b|| = 2a + 3b\\N\\]\\Nwhen at least one of \\(a\\) and \\(b\\) is non-zero. More narrowly, it is also unknown if \\(||2^a|| = 2a\\). Note that the corresponding equation is false for powers of 5. In particular, \\N\\[\\N||5^6||=29\\N\\]\\N since \\(5^6 -1\\) has many small prime factors. The paper defines the following generalization of integer complexity. For a fixed positive integer \\(\\ell\\), define \\[||n||_{\\ell}\\] as the minimum number of \\(\\ell\\)s needed to write \\(n\\) as a product or sum of \\(\\ell\\)s. Note that \\(||n||_{\\ell}\\) is only defined when \\(n\\) is a multiple of \\(\\ell\\), and that \\(||n||_{1} =||n||\\).\\N\\NThe paper proves that if \\(\\ell \\geq 2\\), then \\N\\[\\N\\log_\\ell n \\leq ||n||_\\ell \\leq \\ell \\log_\\ell n-1.\\N\\]\\Nwith the rest of the paper focusing on the case \\(\\ell=2\\). The main result is a classification of all \\(n\\) such that \\(||n||_2\\) is near \\(\\log_2 n\\).\\N\\NNote that this paper is not the only recent paper to propose a generalization of \\(||n||\\) using the notation \\[||n||_\\ell.\\] A different generalization using the same notation was investigated by \\textit{J. M. Campbell} [Integers 24, Paper No. A94, 12 p. (2024; Zbl 1571.11017)].","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$61130479-C80F-48EE-B287-A0CF33C3636A","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"9102698b2191eb90ca23e561a6f8a8a37563f13d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3187207,"id":"Q3187207"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$70F9BD54-63D3-4CA7-A84F-4B33886053D5","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e30d0952bb2a3066a5fb34a2b20ff5664b6749ed","datavalue":{"value":"11A67","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$D55B431C-AEEC-4F71-8217-1B53B713BEB3","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"e7aabada20d6751d26c7ef9e3b73f407691846d1","datavalue":{"value":"8079140","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$92041F55-D2FF-430C-BE40-EFB061037A7D","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"fcae5c0e4ad7e412f9bd086958fffd10010ef4de","datavalue":{"value":"integer complexity","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$6BC02FF1-0F73-4BE3-8FE0-BBF8C2339AE0","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$CFEB6C2F-762A-4F94-8EAE-AC6983B7F10E","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1aaf7e6afe5b1f25415e89537df9826c2f046fa6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2319502,"id":"Q2319502"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$FB8AD0C1-873D-4930-B1ED-1BAE0C954D3B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"36f2a9c24f2ac0654e74743216d5ef44f73d45f9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4902723,"id":"Q4902723"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$83877BFC-203A-4134-8910-19782E202BD6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9d7a92b99a4cc5e0d0364a8cf3394f7434a67fa9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6382287,"id":"Q6382287"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$77A66868-4176-4F10-B068-EDEB87C42348","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"acc72d95017214c1fb409cd77c024a9575529779","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5383264,"id":"Q5383264"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$E4C787E4-85A1-41A8-BED6-F578F7918911","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"341f04b2062d0593993419a60660d81132a37af6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5819466,"id":"Q5819466"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$205EA0DF-FBE7-43B9-A30D-87C94D7A9D31","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0be9bbccdc7ac8ee6b58d80c5e006a08cd32a3cf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5499958,"id":"Q5499958"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q6943836$7E8ABA41-1F7C-4043-B28F-3E1467038B98","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"The 2-complexity of even positive integers","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/The_2-complexity_of_even_positive_integers"}}}}}