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A key result (Theorem A) establishes that a finite soluble group \\(G\\) is a PST-group if and only if there exists a normal subgroup \\(D \\trianglelefteq G\\) such that \\(G/D\\) is nilpotent and \\(D\\) avoids all chief factors between \\(A^G\\) and \\(A_G\\) for every subnormal subgroup \\(A\\) of \\(G\\). Analogous criteria are given for PT-groups and \\(T\\)-groups (Theorem B) and for supersoluble and metanilpotent groups via maximal subgroups of the generalized Fitting subgroup \\(F^*(G)\\) (Theorem C). 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