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This property generalizes a classical notion from the theory of minimal non-abelian groups [\\textit{G. A. Miller} and \\textit{H. C. Moreno}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 4, 398--404 (1903; JFM 34.0173.01)].\\N\\NAn illustrative example is provided early in the paper: the dihedral group \\(D_{16}\\) has exponent \\(8\\), while all its proper non-abelian subgroups are isomorphic to \\(D_8\\) (exponent \\(4\\)), so \\(D_{16}\\) is exponent-critical (in contrast, \\(D_{24}\\) is not exponent-critical).\\N\\NThe main results of the article give a complete description of exponent-critical groups. The authors prove that such groups have order divisible by at most three distinct primes and provide explicit structural characterizations for the cases of two or three primes. They analyze both abelian and non-abelian Sylow configurations and classify exponent-critical \\(p\\)-groups in two types. 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