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The PDEs are supposed to be well-posed in the sense that they admit a unique solution that depends continuously on the data. First, the authors review the basic Galerkin neural network framework, then they provide the extension to non-self-adjoint and non-positive-definite problems, i.e., they get least-squares formulations for bilinear and linear forms of the variational formulations for these problems. The basic idea is to split the solution of the PDE into a part of the solution with high Sobolev regularity and a singular part with low regularity. The latter, also known as a knowledge-based function, highly depends on the geometrical shape of the integration domain. Successfully solving a problem depends on a thorough understanding of these knowledge-based functions. 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